Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science

Editors & Contributors

EDITORS-IN-CHIEF
Allan Jamieson
The Forensic Institute, Glasgow, UK

Andre A. Moenssens
Forensics and Law Center, Richmond, VA, USA



SECTION EDITORS

Behavioral Sciences
Carl N. Edwards
Four Oaks Institute, Dover, MA, USA


Biological Sciences
Allan Jamieson
The Forensic Institute, Glasgow, UK


Criminalistics
Claude Roux
Univeristy of Technology (UTS), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia


Digital Evidence, Multimedia and Engineering
Zeno Geradts
Netherlands Forensic Institute, Den Haag, The Netherlands


DNA Analysis of Biological Fluids
Allan Jamieson
The Forensic Institute, Glasgow, UK


Fire and Explosives
John J. Lentini
Scientific Fire Analysis, LLC, Big Pine Key, FL, USA


Investigation and Law Enforcement
Allan M. Scott
University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), Preston, UK


Law
Andre A. Moenssens
Forensics and Law Center, Richmond, VA, USA


Medicine
Pekka J. Saukko
University of Turku, Turku, Finland


Statistics and Evidence Evaluation
Christophe Champod
Institut de Police Scientifique, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Tacha N. Hicks
Institut de Police Scientifique, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Toxicology and Drug Analysis
Olaf H. Drummer
Monash University, Southbank, Victoria, Australia


Trace
Sheila Willis
Forensic Science Laboratory, Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform, Garda Headquarters, Dublin, Ireland



CONTRIBUTORS

Abbondante, Serena F., Australian Federal Police, Weston and Australian Chemical, Biological Radiological and Nuclear Data Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Abdel-Monem, Tarik, University of Nebraska Public Policy Center, Lincoln, NE, USA

Abou-Khalil, Bassel, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA

Abram, Karen M., Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

Adams, Holly A., Automotive Data Consultants, Centreville, VA, USA

Aitken, Colin G. G., University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

Alberink, Ivo, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Den Haag, The Netherlands

Aleksander, Adam K., Aleksander & Associates P.A., Boise, ID, USA

Allen, Rebecca S., Center for Mental Health and Aging, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA

Almog, Joseph, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

Anderson, Robert N., RNA Consulting, Inc., Losaltos Hills, CA, USA

Andrews, Paul, Tyler, TX, USA

Anetzberger, Georgia J., Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA

Aumeer-Donovan, Shaheen, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Baden, Michael M., New York State Police, Albany, NY, USA

Bader, Scott, The Forensic Institute, Glasgow, UK

Baker, David W., The MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA

Balding, David, Imperial College, London, UK

Baldwin, David, London Laboratory, London, UK

Ballantyne, Jack, University of Central Florida and National Center for Forensic Science, Orlando, FL, USA

Barnes, Sean, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA

Barni, Filippo, Carabinieri Scientific Investigation Department of Rome, Rome, Italy

Benbow, M. Eric, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Berkowitz, Shari R., University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

Bernet, William, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA

Beyer, Jochen, Monash University, Southbank and Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Bicknell, Danna E., United States Secret Service, Washington, DC, USA

Black, Sue, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK

Block, Stephanie, University of California, Davis, CA

Bohnert, Michael, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

Botluk, Diana, Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL, USA

Bottoms, Bette L., University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Bowman-Fowler, Nicci, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

Braun, Michelle, Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare, Racine, WI, USA

Bresler, Scott A., University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA

Brick, John, Intoxikon International, Yardley, PA, USA

Bright, Jo-Anne, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand

Bryant, Vaughn M., Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

Buchholz, Bruce A., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA

Buckleton, John S., Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand

Bulling, Denise, University of Nebraska Public Policy Center, Lincoln, NE, USA

Burgess, Ann W., Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA

Cantu, Antonio A., Seven Oaks Place, Falls Church, VA, USA

Carpenter, Douglas J., Combustion Science & Engineering, Inc., Columbia, MD, USA

Cattaneo, Cristina, Universitá degli Studi, Milan, Italy

Champod, Christophe, Institut de Police Scientifique, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Cheng, Wing-Chi, Government Laboratory, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China

Choi, Hyeyoung, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Choi, Sangkil, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Christensen, Thomas C., San Ramon, CA, USA

Chung, Heesun, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Clegg, Carl, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

Coble, Michael D., The Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA

Connor, Melissa, Nebraska Wesleyan University, Lincoln, NE, USA

Cornell, Dewey G., University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

Costanzo, Mark, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA, USA

Costello, Jan, Loyola Law School, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Court, Denise S., Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK

Cowell, Anthony M., University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK

Cross, Douglas W., Lowick Bridge, Ulverston, UK

Curran, James M., University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Davis, Malcolm, Vashaw Scientific, Inc., Norcross, GA, USA

Day, Stephen P., Huntingdon Forensic Science Laboratory, Cambridgeshire, UK

De Angelis, Danilo, Universitá degli Studi, Milan, Italy

De Boeck, Gert, National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology, Brussels, Belgium

De La Torre, Rafael, Neuropsychopharmacology Program IMIM-Hospital del Mar PRBB, Barcelona, Spain

den Dunnen, Mannon., Amsterdam-Amstelland Police, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Dickson, Stuart, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Porirua, New Zealand

Dietz, Park, Threat Assessment Group, Inc., and Park Dietz & Associates, Inc., Newport Beach and University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Douglas, Kevin S., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Drummer, Olaf H., Monash University, Southbank, Victoria, Australia

Dutton, Gerard, Tasmania Police, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Duvinage, Nicolas, Gendarmerie National Forensic Sciences Institute (IRCGN), Rosny-sous-Bios, France

Du Preez, Charl, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Easteal, Patricia, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Edelman, Gerda, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Den Haag, The Netherlands

Edelstein, Barry A., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

Edwards, Carl N., Four Oaks Institute, Dover, MA, USA

Elkington, Kate S., Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA

Erickson, Steven K., University of Pennsylvania Law School, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Eriksson, Anders F., Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Ervin, Thomas, The MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA

Esseiva, Pierre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Evett, Ian W., London Laboratory, London, UK

Fagan, Jeffrey, Columbia Law School, New York, NY, USA

Felgate, Peter, Forensic Science South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Fiddian, Susan, Victoria Police Forensic Services Department, McLeod, Victoria, Australia

Finch, Indra A., Center for Forensic Services-Western State Hospital, Tacoma, WA, USA

Fineschi, Vittorio, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

Finkenbine, Ryan, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

Fitterman, Elizabeth, Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL, USA

Fitzpatrick, Robert W., Centre for Australian Forensic Soil Science/CSIRO Land and Water, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Flanagan, Robert J., King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

Found, Bryan, Latrobe University, Bundoora and Victoria Police Forensic Services Department, Macleod, Victoria, Australia

Fowler, Nicci B., University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

Frazier, Leeanne, Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL, USA

Fremouw, William J., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

Frudakis, Tony, DNAPrint Genomics, Inc., Sarasota, FL, USA

Frumkin, Bruce, Forensic and Clinical Psychology Associates, South Miami, FL, USA

Gallo, Frank J., Western New England College, Springfield, MA, USA

Ganis, Giorgio, Harvard Medical School, Boston, and Atinoulas Martinos Center, Charlestown, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA

Gardner, Ross M., Bevel, Gardner and Associates, Inc., Lake City, GA, USA

Geller, Jeffrey L., University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA

Geradts, Zeno, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Den Haag, The Netherlands

Geraerts, Elke, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Gerostamoulos, Dimitri, Monash University, Southbank, Victoria, Australia

Gibelli, Daniele, Universitá degli Studi, Milan, Italy

Giblin, Mary, Garda Headquarters, Dublin, Ireland

Gilder, Jason R., Forensic Bioinformatics, Fairborn, OH, USA

Gillman, Victoria C., Australian Federal Police, Weston and Australian Chemical, Biological Radiological and Nuclear Data Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Gitlow, Stuart, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Goddard, Ken, National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, Ashland, OR, USA

Goodman, Gail S., University of California, Davis, CA, USA

Goodwin, Kerri A., Towson University, Towson, MD, USA

Gould, Christine E., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

Graham, Eleanor A.M., University of Leicester, Leicester, UK

Greaves, Caroline, BC Mental Health & Addiction Services, Port Coquitlam and Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Greenberg, Martin S., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Greene, Edie, University of Colorado at Colorado Spring, Colorado Spring, CO, USA

Hackman, Lucina, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

Hamilton, Warren D., Rapidtox Pty. Ltd., Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Hammer, Lesley, State of Alaska Crime Laboratory, Anchorage, AK, USA

Hanson, Erin K., University of Central Florida and National Center for Forensic Science, Orlando, FL, USA

Han, Eunyoung, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Harbison, Sally-Ann, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand

Hart, Stephen D., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Hasel, Lisa E., Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

Hatters-Friedman, Susan, University Hospital -- Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA

Hayne, Harlene, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Hazelwood, Robert R., Academy Group, Inc., Manassas, VA, USA

Henderson, Carol, Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL, USA

Hicks, Tacha N., Institut de Police Scientifique, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Hill, Cheryl A., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

Honts, Charles Robert, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA

Hopen, Thomas J., The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Atlanta, GA, USA

Hunter, John, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

Ikegaya, Hiroshi, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

Isenschmid, Daniel S., Wayne County Medical Examiner's Office, Detroit, MI, USA

Jackson, Graham, Advance Forensic Science, and University of Abertay Dundee, Dundee, UK

Jackson, Michael, New South Wales Police Force, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Jamieson, Allan, The Forensic Institute, Glasgow, UK

Jones, Alan W., National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping, Sweden

Jones, Graham R., Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Jones, Philip J., York, North Yorkshire, UK

Just, Rebecca S., The Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA

Karch, Steven B., Berkeley, CA, USA

Kassin, Saul, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA

Katsumata, Yoshinao, National Research Institute of Police Science, Chiba, Japan

Katterwe, Horst, Bundeskriminalamt, Wiesbaden, Germany

Kaye, David H., Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA

Kaye, Neil S., Widener University School of Law, Wilmington, DE, USA

Keaton, Ralph, American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB), Garner, NC, USA

Keereweer, Isaäc, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands

Kehn, Andre, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA

Kenan, Joseph, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Beverly Hills, CA, USA

Kennedy, Robert, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (Retired), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Kernbach-Wighton, Gerhard, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

Khanmy-Vital, Aita, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Kim, Eunmi, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Kintz, Pascal, Laboratoire ChemTox, Illkirch, France

Kirkbride, K. Paul, Australian Federal Police, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Knoll, IV, James L., SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

Koehler, Jonathan J., Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA

Koperski, J. George, Australian Federal Police, Weston and Australian Chemical, Biological Radiological and Nuclear Data Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Kosslyn, Stephen M., Harvard University, Cambridge and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Krane, Dan E., Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA

Laloup, Marleen, National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology, Brussels, Belgium

Lamendola, Gretchen M., Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA

Lancaster, Sarah L., Defence Science and Technology Laboratories, Sevenoaks, UK

Langenburg, Glenn, Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, St. Paul, MN, USA

Laporte, Gerald M., United States Secret Service, Washington, DC, USA

Laux, Dale L., Attorney General's Office, Richfield, OH, USA

Lebeau, Marc A., FBI Laboratory, Quantico, VA, USA

Lee, Juseon, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Lee, Li-Weng, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Lee, Sooyeun, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Lennard, Chris, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Lentini, John J., Scientific Fire Analysis, LLC, Big Pine Key, FL, USA

Lenz, Kurt W., Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL, USA

Leong, Gregory B., University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

Leo, Richard A., University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

Lewis, Simon W., Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Lim, Miae, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Liptai, Laura L., Biomedical Forensics, Moraga, CA and Orlando, FL, USA

Loftus, Elizabeth F., University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

Lovell, Robert W., Mercer Island, WA, USA

Lovelock, Tina J., LGC Forensics, Abingdon, UK

Luong, Susan, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Lynn, Steven Jay, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA

Maat, G.J.R., Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

MacDonell, Herbert L., Bloodstain Evidence Institute, Corning, NY, USA

Maceo, Alice V., Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Forensic Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV, USA

MacVaugh III, Gilbert S., Mississippi State Hospital, Whitfield, MS, USA

Madea, Burkhard, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Maiden, Nicholas R., South Australia Police, Adelaide, South Australiaa, Australia

Mallett, Xanthé, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

Margot, Pierre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Marshall, Maurice, Defence Science and Technology Laboratories, Sevenoaks, UK

Martell, Daniel A., UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Massonnet, Geneviѐve, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Mastruko, Vojin, Court Expert Witness, Zagreb, Croatia

Matthews, Abigail, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA

Mazzella, W.D., University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

McCoy, Katrina, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

McCullough, John, Garda HQ, Dublin, Ireland

McDermott, Sean D., Forensic Science Laboratory, Dublin, Ireland

McKenna, Louise, Garda Headquarters, Dublin, Ireland

McNally, Richard J., Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA

Meijerman, L., Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

Meloy, J. Reid, University of California, San Diego, California, USA

Melson, Kenneth E., American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB), Garner, NC, USA

Melton, Terry, Mitotyping Technologies, LLC, State College, LA, USA

Merritt, Richard W., Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Meuwly, Didier, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands

Micheals, Anastasia D., San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA

Miles, Samuel I., Geffen School of Medicine UCLA, Los Angeles and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Moenssens, Andre, Forensics and Law Center, Columbia City, IN, USA

Mohammed, Linton A., San Diego Sheriff's Regional Crime Laboratory, San Diego, CA, USA

Monnard, Florence, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Moretti, Marlene M., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Morrish, Bronwyn C., Australian Federal Police, Weston and Australian Chemical, Biological Radiological and Nuclear Data Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Mueller-Johnson, Katrin, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Murphy, John P., CSIRO Forest Biosciences, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

Nehse, Kornelia, Forensic Science Institute, Berlin, Germany

Nelson, Kally J., University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

Nerenberg, Lisa, Private Consultant, Redwood City, CA, USA

Neumann, Cedric, The Forensic Science Service Ltd, Birmingham, UK and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Neuner, John K., American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB), Garner, NC, USA

Neuschatz, Jeffrey S., University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA

Nicholls, Tonia L., BC Mental Health & Addiction Services, Port Coquitlam and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Nikolova, Natalia L., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Norman, Keith W., Australian Federal Police, Weston, ACT, Australia

Nunez, Narina L., University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA

Ojanperä, Ilkka, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Olley, J. Gregory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Öström, Mats G., Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Oxley, Jimmie C., University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA

Park, Yonghoon, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, South Korea

Payne-James, Jason, Forensic Healthcare Services, Leigh-on-Sea and Royal College of Physicians and Barts & the Royal London Hospitals, London, UK

Perry, Sylvia, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Peterson, Tiamoyo, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

Pichini, Simona, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, Rome, Italy

Pinals, Debra A., University of California, Sacramento, CA, USA

Piper, August, Seattle, WA, USA

Pollak, Stefan, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

Pollanen, Michael S., University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Porta, Davide, Universitá degli Studi, Milan, Italy

Porter, Glenn, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South DC, New South Wales, Australia

Poulsen, Helen, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Porirua, New Zealand

Quinn, Mary J., San Francisco Probate Court, San Francisco, CA, USA

Raes, Elke, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Raff, Adam N., New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

Randolph-Quinney, Patrick, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

Raymond, Jennifer J., NSW Police Force, Pemulwuy, New South Wales, Australia

Ray, Neelanjan, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Reed, Tom, Widener University School of Law, Wilmington, DE, USA

Resnick, Phillip J., Case Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH, USA

Resor, Michelle R., University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA

Ressler, Robert K., Forensic Behavioral Services, Fredericksburg, VA, USA

Riezzo, Irene, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

Robertson, James, Australian Federal Police, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Roffey, Paul E., Australian Federal Police, Weston and University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Romero, Erin G., Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA

Roux, Claude, University of Technology (UTS), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Royds, David, Australian Federal Police, Canberra, Australia

Ruifrok, Arnout C. C., Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands

Salekin, Karen L., University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA

Salsarola, Dominic, Universitá degli Studi, Milan, Italy

Samyn, Nele, National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology, Brussels, Belgium

Saukko, Pekka J., University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu, Turku, Finland

Sauvagnat, François, Université de Rennes-II, Rennes, France

Schiffer, Beatrice, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Schneck, William M., Microvision Northwest-Forensic Consulting, Inc. Spokane, WA, USA

Schneider, Richard D., The Ontario Court of Justice and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Scott, Allan Mathieson, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), Preston, UK

Scott, Charles L., University of California, Sacramento, CA, USA

Segovia, Daisy A., University of California, Davis, CA, USA

Sharfe, Gordon A.I., Wellington Central Police Station, Wellington, New Zealand

Shefchick, Thomas P., Shefchick Engineering, Sunnyvale, CA, USA

Shiver, Farrell C., Shiver & Nelson Document Investigation Laboratory, Inc., Woodstock, GA, USA

Siegel, Jay A., Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Silva, J. Arturo, Private Practice of Forensic Psychiatry, San Jose, CA, USA

Singh, Rajvinder, Punjabi University, Patiala, India

Skopp, Gisela, Ruprecht-Karls University, Heidelberg, Germany

Smarty, Sylvester, Case Western Reserve University / University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA

Smith, Ann C., Columbia City, Indiana, IN, USA

Smith, Delaney M., Twin Valley Behavioral Healthcare, Columbus, OH, USA

Smyth, Larry D., Red Toad Road Company, Havre de Grace, MD, USA

Sorrentino, Renee, Institute for Sexual Wellness, Quincy, MA, USA

Spiegel, David, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

Squier, Waney, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK

Stankowski, Joy E., Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

Stauffer, Eric, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Steinberg, Laurence, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Strub, Diane S., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Studebaker, Christina, ThemeVision LLC, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Takatori, Takehiko, National Research Institute of Police Science, Chiba, Japan

Taroni, Franco, The University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Teplin, Linda A., Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

Thakar, Mukesh Kumar, Punjabi University, Patiala, India

Thean, A., Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Delft, The Netherlands

Thomas, Tracy A., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

Thompson, Christopher, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Thompson, William C., University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

Thurman, James T., Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY, USA

Toglia, Michael P., University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA

Tramontana, Michael G., Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

Tridico, Silvana R., Australian Federal Police, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Tully, Gillian, Forensic Science Service, Birmingham, UK

Turillazzi, Emanuela, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

Turner, Barry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK

van Waalwijk van Doorn, K., Amsterdam-Amstelland Police, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Verstraete, Alain G., Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium

Viner, Mark D., Cranfield Forensic Institute, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham and St Bartholomew's and the Royal London Hospitals, London, UK

Vitacco, Michael J., Mendota Mental Health Institute, Madison, WI, USA

Vuori, Erkki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Walker, James S., Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA

Walsh, Simon J., Australian Federal Police, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Washburn, Jason J., Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

Weinstock, Robert, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Weir, Bruce S., University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

Wells, Gary L., Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

Wenger, Eric, Australian Federal Police, Weston and Australian Chemical, Biological Radiological and Nuclear Data Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia

West, Sara G., University Hospital Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA

Wetton, Jon, Forensic Science Service, Birmingham, UK

Weyermann, Céline, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Wheate, Rhonda M., The Forensic Institute, Glasgow, UK

Whelpton, Robin, University of London, London, UK

Wilson, Catherine M., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Wong, Steven H.Y., Medical College of Wisconsin and Milwaukee County Medical Examiner's Office, Milwaukee, WI, USA

Yang, Suzanne, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

York, Catherine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Zajac, Rachel, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Zeichner, Arie, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

Zoun, Rikkert, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands