Chapter 18. Mixing in the Fermentation and Cell Culture Industries
- Edward L. Paul3,
- Victor A. Atiemo-Obeng4,
- Suzanne M. Kresta5
Published Online: 30 JAN 2004
DOI: 10.1002/0471451452.ch18
Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Book Title
Handbook of Industrial Mixing: Science and Practice
Additional Information
How to Cite
Amanullah, A., Buckland, B. C. and Nienow, A. W. (2004) Mixing in the Fermentation and Cell Culture Industries, in Handbook of Industrial Mixing: Science and Practice (eds E. L. Paul, V. A. Atiemo-Obeng and S. M. Kresta), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA. doi: 10.1002/0471451452.ch18
Editor Information
- 3
Merck & Co., Inc. (retired); 308 Brooklyn Boulevard, Sea Girt, NJ 08750, USA
- 4
The Dow Chemical Company, Building 1776, Midland, MI 48674, USA
- 5
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G6
Publication History
- Published Online: 30 JAN 2004
- Published Print: 14 NOV 2003
ISBN Information
Print ISBN: 9780471269199
Online ISBN: 9780471451457
- Summary
- Chapter
Keywords:
- mixing;
- mass transfer;
- aeration;
- impeller design;
- scale-up;
- scale-down;
- bacterial physiology;
- recombinant protein;
- rheologically-complex fermentations;
- fungal fermentations;
- morphology;
- hyphal fragmentation;
- animal cell culture;
- plant cell culture;
- cell damage
Summary
Applications of mixing technology in the fermentation and cell culture industries are discussed. The limitations of traditional scale-up methods using stirred tank bioreactors have been highlighted and alternative methods using a scale-down approach that simulate the micro-environment (substrate, dissolved oxygen and pH) experienced by cells at the large scale are described. Problems of bulk mixing and mass transfer inherent in rheologically complex polysaccharide fermentations are addressed using Xanthan gum as a model system. The effects of agitation intensity on hyphal morphology and product formation in two commercially important fungal fermentations, as well as on bacterial physiology, are discussed. In addition, a review of damage mechanisms related to agitation intensity and aeration in cell culture applications and guidelines for successful operation of large scale cell culture bioreactors are provided. Finally the issues related to hydrodynamic damage in plant cell cultures are briefly discussed.