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Amodiaquine for treating malaria

Piero L Olliaro^1,*,
Paola Mussano²

Editorial Group: Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group

Published Online: 7 OCT 2009

Assessed as up-to-date: 3 FEB 2003

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000016

Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Database Title

The Cochrane Library

Additional Information

How to Cite

Olliaro PL, Mussano P. Amodiaquine for treating malaria. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD000016. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000016.

Author Information

¹
World Health Organization, UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Geneva, Switzerland
²
Genthod, Switzerland

^*Piero L Olliaro, UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Geneva, Switzerland. olliarop@who.int.

Publication History

Publication Status: Stable (no update expected for reasons given in 'What's new')
Published Online: 7 OCT 2009

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article (HTML) Summary (58K)Standard (300K)Full (510K)

Characteristics of included studies [ordered by study ID]

Brazil 1983-84

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes

Burkina Faso 1998

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon 1998

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-Bangangte92

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-Centre 1994

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-East 1993

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-Hevécam88-9

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-Hévécam2001

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-Kumba1992

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-South 1988

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-South 1994a

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-South 1994b

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-Yaounde 92

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cameroon-Yaounde97-9

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

China 1986

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Colombia-Antioquia98

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Congo 1992

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Congo-Brazzaville 86

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Congo-Brazzaville90

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Congo-P Noire 1986

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Cote d'Ivoire 1993

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Equatorial Guinea 91

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Gabon 1997-8

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Gabon-Libreville 98

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Gambia 1994

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya 1989

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Eldoret 1994

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	_

Interventions	_

Outcomes	_

Notes	_

Kenya-Entosopia 91

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Entosopia 94

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Kibwezi 1997

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Kilifi 1993

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Malindi 1984

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Malla 1994

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Migori 1990

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Mombasa 90

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Nangina 1993

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Ortum 1991

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Sololo 1993

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Taveta 1994

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Turiani 1991

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-Turiani 1992

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Kenya-West 1987

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Madagascar 1983-4

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Madagascar 1985-6

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Malawi 1985

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Mozambique 1986

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Nigeria-Ibadan 1984

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Nigeria-Ibadan 1990

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Nigeria-Ibadan 2000

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Philippines 1984-5

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Senegal-Dakar 1996-8

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Senegal-Mlomp 1996-8

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Sénégal-Diohine 1996

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Tanzania-Centre 1988

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Tanzania-Kigoma 1997

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Uganda-Kampala 1999

Methods	see Appendices

Participants	—

Interventions	—

Outcomes	—

Notes	—

Characteristics of excluded studies [ordered by study ID]

Study	Reason for exclusion

Africa 1999	—

AfricaMadagascar83-6	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Benin-Cotonou 1989	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon 1987-90	—

Cameroon 1990a	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon 1990b	—

Cameroon 1993-4	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon 1996	—

Cameroon 1999	—

Cameroon 2000	—

Cameroon-Bafoussam00	—

Cameroon-Edea 1987	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon-Eséka 1999	—

Cameroon-Mengang1999	—

Cameroon-Nlongkak 99	—

Cameroon-S Est 1993	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon-S West 1989	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon-South 1993	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon-Urban 1990	—

Cameroon-Yaounde 96	—

Cameroon-Yaounde1988	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Cameroon-Yaounde87-8	—

Congo 1985-9	—

Congo 1986-90	—

Cote d'Ivoire 1990	Does nor meet inclusion criteria.

Cote d'Ivoire 1995	—

Gabon 1995	—

India 1952	—

India 1989-90	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

India 1989-92	—

Kenya 1993	—

Kenya 1998	—

Liberia 2000-01	—

Madagascar 1983a	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Madagascar 1983b	—

Madagascar 1983c	—

Pakistan 1997	—

PapuaNewGuinea 1989	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

PapuaNewGuinea 1991	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

RCA 1984-6	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Rwanda 1986	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Sénégal 1997	—

Tanzania 1988	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Uganda 1988	—

Uganda-Kampala 94-7	—

Zanzibar 1989	Does not meet inclusion criteria.

Comparison 1. Amodiaquine vs chloroquine in symptomatic participants

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Parasitological conversion

35

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

27

2464

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.42 [3.65, 5.35]

18

1610

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

6.44 [5.09, 8.15]

1.3 Day 21 to 28

3

502

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.62 [2.49, 5.29]

2 Adverse events

8

824

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.85 [0.50, 1.42]

Comparison 2. Amodiaquine vs chloroquine in asymptomatic participants

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size

1 Parasitological conversion on day 7	9	1129	Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.64 [2.65, 5.00]

Comparison 3. Amodiaquine vs sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in symptomatic participants

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Parasitological conversion

19

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

14

1642

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.73 [0.53, 1.01]

14

1607

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.86 [0.64, 1.14]

7

667

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.41 [0.28, 0.61]

2 Adverse events

3

232

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.68 [0.84, 3.38]

Comparison 4. AQ VS. CQ in symptomatic participants: Africa (sensitivity analysis)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Parasitological conversion

32

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

25

2371

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.94 [4.06, 6.02]

16

1539

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

6.86 [5.38, 8.75]

3

502

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.62 [2.49, 5.29]

Comparison 5. AQ vs SP in symptomatic participants: Africa (sensitivity analysis)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Parasitological conversion

16

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

12

1505

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.80 [0.57, 1.13]

13

1576

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.84 [0.63, 1.12]

6

596

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.44 [0.29, 0.66]

Comparison 6. AQ vs SP in symptomatic participants: Africa after 1990 (sensitivity analysis)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Parasitological conversion

13

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

8

1189

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.81 [0.57, 1.15]

10

1344

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.92 [0.68, 1.23]

4

475

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.58 [0.37, 0.91]

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