Pharmacotherapy for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002795.pub2

Intervention Review

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Pharmacotherapy for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Dan J Stein^1,*,
Jonathan C Ipser²,
Soraya Seedat²

Editorial Group: Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Group

Published Online: 21 JAN 2009

Assessed as up-to-date: 13 OCT 2005

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002795.pub2

Database Title

The Cochrane Library

Additional Information

How to Cite

Stein DJ, Ipser JC, Seedat S. Pharmacotherapy for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD002795. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002795.pub2.

Author Information

¹
University of Cape Town, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Cape Town, South Africa
²
University of Stellenbosch, MRC Research Unit for Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa

^*Dan J Stein, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa. dan.stein@uct.ac.za. djs2@sun.ac.za.

Publication History

Publication Status: Edited (no change to conclusions)
Published Online: 21 JAN 2009

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	Figure 1. Publication Bias 2. Funnel plot of publication bias on Clinical Global Impression Scale - Improvement item (CGI-S)
	Figure 2. Publication Bias 1. Funnel Plot of publication bias on Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)
	Analysis 1.1. Comparison 1 Medication versus Placebo: Primary global and PTSD symptom outcomes, Outcome 1 CAPS: Total score.
	Analysis 1.2. Comparison 1 Medication versus Placebo: Primary global and PTSD symptom outcomes, Outcome 2 CAPS: Individual SSRI agents.
	Analysis 1.3. Comparison 1 Medication versus Placebo: Primary global and PTSD symptom outcomes, Outcome 3 Clinical Global Impressions scale improvement item (CGI-I).
	Analysis 1.4. Comparison 1 Medication versus Placebo: Primary global and PTSD symptom outcomes, Outcome 4 CGI-I: Individual SSRI agents.
	Analysis 2.1. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 1 Symptom severity: Other measures.
	Analysis 2.2. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 2 Self-rated scales: Total score.
	Analysis 2.3. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 3 CAPS subscale: Re-experiencing/intrusion.
	Analysis 2.4. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 4 CAPS subscale: Avoidance/numbing.
	Analysis 2.5. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 5 CAPS subscale: Hyperarousal.
	Analysis 2.6. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 6 Self-rated subscale: Re-experiencing/Intrusion.
	Analysis 2.7. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 7 Self-rated subscale: Avoidance/numbing.
	Analysis 2.8. Comparison 2 Medication versus Placebo: Secondary measures of PTSD, Outcome 8 Self-rated subscale: Hyperarousal.
	Analysis 3.1. Comparison 3 Medication versus Placebo: Comorbid symptoms, Outcome 1 Depression Scale (typically Hamilton Depression).
	Analysis 3.2. Comparison 3 Medication versus Placebo: Comorbid symptoms, Outcome 2 Depression Scale - Change scores.
	Analysis 3.3. Comparison 3 Medication versus Placebo: Comorbid symptoms, Outcome 3 Anxiety - Hamilton Anxiety Scale.
	Analysis 3.4. Comparison 3 Medication versus Placebo: Comorbid symptoms, Outcome 4 Anxiety - Other scales.
	Analysis 4.1. Comparison 4 Medication versus Placebo: Quality of Life Scales, Outcome 1 Sheehan Disability Scale.
	Analysis 5.1. Comparison 5 Medication versus Placebo: Drop-out Rate, Outcome 1 Drop-out rate due to treatment emergent adverse effects.
	Analysis 5.2. Comparison 5 Medication versus Placebo: Drop-out Rate, Outcome 2 Drop-out rate due to treatment emergent adverse effect: SSRI medications.
	Analysis 6.2. Comparison 6 Medication versus Placebo: Extension data, Outcome 2 Relapse data: Number of participants to relapse.
	Analysis 6.3. Comparison 6 Medication versus Placebo: Extension data, Outcome 3 Continuation trials: Symptom severity on the CAPS.
	Analysis 7.1. Comparison 7 Subgroup analyses - Methodological criteria, Outcome 1 Single versus multi-centre trials.
	Analysis 7.2. Comparison 7 Subgroup analyses - Methodological criteria, Outcome 2 Single versus multi-centre trials.
	Analysis 7.3. Comparison 7 Subgroup analyses - Methodological criteria, Outcome 3 Industry versus non-industry funded trials.
	Analysis 7.4. Comparison 7 Subgroup analyses - Methodological criteria, Outcome 4 Industry versus non-industry funded trials.
	Analysis 8.1. Comparison 8 Subgroup analyses - Clinical criteria, Outcome 1 Inclusion of major depression vs. non-inclusion: CAPS.
	Analysis 8.2. Comparison 8 Subgroup analyses - Clinical criteria, Outcome 2 Inclusion of major depression vs. non-inclusion: Clinical Global Impressions scale improvement item (CGI-I).
	Analysis 8.3. Comparison 8 Subgroup analyses - Clinical criteria, Outcome 3 Inclusion of war veterans versus non-inclusion: CAPS.
	Analysis 8.4. Comparison 8 Subgroup analyses - Clinical criteria, Outcome 4 Inclusion of war veterans versus non-inclusion: CGI-I.
	Analysis 9.1. Comparison 9 Sensitivity analyses, Outcome 1 Clinical Global Impressions scale improvement item (CGI-I) : non-response.
	Analysis 9.2. Comparison 9 Sensitivity analyses, Outcome 2 "Worst case" loss to follow up analysis.
	Analysis 9.3. Comparison 9 Sensitivity analyses, Outcome 3 "Best case" loss to follow up analysis.
	Analysis 10.1. Comparison 10 Head-to-head comparisons, Outcome 1 Clinician administered scales: Symptom severity.
	Analysis 10.2. Comparison 10 Head-to-head comparisons, Outcome 2 Comorbid symptoms: Depression (MADRS).
	Analysis 10.3. Comparison 10 Head-to-head comparisons, Outcome 3 Comorbid symptoms: Anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Scale).