Intervention Review

You have free access to this content

Early versus delayed umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants

  1. Heike Rabe1,*,
  2. Graham J Reynolds2,
  3. Jose Luis Diaz-Rosello3

Editorial Group: Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group

Published Online: 17 FEB 2010

Assessed as up-to-date: 30 JUN 2004

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003248.pub2

Database Title

Additional Information

How to Cite

Rabe H, Reynolds GJ, Diaz-Rosello JL. Early versus delayed umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD003248. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003248.pub2.

Author Information

  1. 1

    Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Royal Sussex Country Hospital, Trevor Mann Baby Unit, Brighton, UK

  2. 2

    The Canberra Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia

  3. 3

    Pan American Health Organization - World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay

*Heike Rabe, Trevor Mann Baby Unit, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Royal Sussex Country Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton, BN2 5BE, UK. heike.rabe@bsuh.nhs.uk. hrabe@uni-muenster.de.

Publication History

  1. Publication Status: Edited (no change to conclusions)
  2. Published Online: 17 FEB 2010

SEARCH

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article (HTML) Summary (57K)Standard (227K)Full (312K)

References

References to studies included in this review

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. References to studies awaiting assessment
  4. References to ongoing studies
  5. Additional references
  6. References to other published versions of this review
Hofmeyr 1988 {published data only}
  • Hofmeyr GJ, Bolton KD, Bowen DC, Govan JJ. Periventricular/intraventricular haemorrhage and umbilical cord clamping. South African Medical Journal 1988;73:104-6.
  • Hofmeyr GJ, Bolton KD, Bowen DC, Govan JJ. Periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage and umbilical cord clamping. Proceedings of the 10th European Congress of Perinatal Medicine; 1986; Leipzig, Germany. 1986:309.
Hofmeyr 1993 {published data only}
  • Hofmeyr GJ, Gobetz L, Bex PJM, Van Der Griendt M, Nikodem CV, Skapinker R, et al. Periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage following early and delayed umbilical cord clamping: a randomized trial. Online Journal of Current Clinical Trials 1993 Doc No 110: [2002 words; 26 paragraphs].
  • Hofmeyr GJ, Gobetz L, Bex PJM, Van Der Griendt M, Nikodem VC, Skapinker R, et al. Periventricular/intraventricular haemorrhage following early and delayed umbilical cord clamping. Personal communication 1991.
Kinmond 1993 {published data only}
  • Kinmond S, Aitchison TC, Holland BM, Jones JG, Turner TL, Wardrop CAJ. Umbilical cord clamping and preterm infants: a randomised trial. BMJ 1993;306:172-5.
  • Kinmond S, Aitchison TC, Holland BM, Jones JG, Turner TL, Wardrop CAJ. Umbilical cord clamping and preterm infants: a randomized trial. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 1993;42(3):328.
  • Kinmond S, Hudson IRB, Aitchison T, Holland BM, Turner TL, Jones JG, et al. Placento-fetal transfusion in preterm infants. Proceedings of the Neonatal Society; 1990 March; London, UK. 1990.
McDonnell 1997 {published and unpublished data}
  • McDonnell M, Henderson Smart DJ. Delayed umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants: a feasibility study. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 1997;33(4):308-10.
    Direct Link:
Nelle 1998 {published and unpublished data}
  • Nelle M, Fischer S, Conze S, Beedgen B, Grischke EM, Linderkamp O. Effects of late cord clamping on circulation in prematures (VLBWI). Pediatric Research 1998;44(3):454.
Oh 2002 {published and unpublished data}
  • Oh W, Carlo WA, Fanaroff AA, McDonald S, Donovan EF, Poole K, et al. Delayed cord clamping in extremely low birth weight infants - a pilot randomised controlled Trial. Pediatric Research 2002;51(4 Suppl):365-6.
Rabe 2000 {published and unpublished data}
  • Rabe H, Hentschel R, Brune T, Hulskamp G, Jorch G. A randomised study of delayed cord clamping: the starting point in treatment of anaemia of prematurity (translation). Prenatal and Neonatal Medicine 1996;1 Suppl 1:174.
  • Rabe H, Wacker A, Hulskamp G, Hornig-Franz I, Jorch G. Late cord clamping benefits extrauterine adaptation [abstract]. Pediatric Research 1998;44(3):454.
  • Rabe H, Wacker A, Hulskamp G, Hornig-Franz I, Schulze-Everding A, Harms E, et al. A randomised controlled trial of delayed cord clamping in very low birth weight preterm infants. European Journal of Pediatrics 2000;159(10):775-7.

References to studies excluded from this review

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. References to studies awaiting assessment
  4. References to ongoing studies
  5. Additional references
  6. References to other published versions of this review
Aitchison {unpublished data only}
  • Aitchison T, Beattie B, Cameron A, Halliday H, Holland B, Wardrop C. Placento-fetal (Autologous) transfusion (PFTx) at birth in infants born preterm: a randomised, controlled trial. Personal communication.
Frank 1967 {published data only}
Ibrahim 2000 {published data only}
  • Ibrahim HM, Krouskop RW, Lewis DF, Dhanireddy R. Placental transfusion: umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants. Journal of Perinatology 2000;120:351-4.
Narendra 1998 {published data only}
  • Narendra A, Beckett C, Aitchinson T, Kyle E, Coutts J, Turner T, et al. Is it possible to promote placental transfusion (PTFx) at preterm delivery?. Pediatric Research 1998;44:454A.
Saigal 1972 {published data only}
Saigal 1977 {published data only}
Spears 1966 {published data only}
  • Spears RL, Anderson GV, Brotman S, Farrier J, Kwan J, Masto A, et al. The effect of early vs late cord clamping on signs of respiratory distress. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1966;95:564-8.
Strauss 2003 {published data only}
  • Strauss RG, Mock MM, Johnson K, Mock NI, Cress G, Knosp L, et al. Circulating rbc volume, measured with biotinylated rbcs, is superior to the hct to document the hematologic effects of delayed versus immediate umbilical cord clamping in preterm neonates. Transfusion 2003;43:1168-72.
    Direct Link:
Taylor 1963 {published data only}
  • Taylor P, Bright N, Birchard E. Effect of early vs delayed clamping of the umbilical cord on the clinical condition of the newborn infant. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1963;86:893-8.

References to studies awaiting assessment

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. References to studies awaiting assessment
  4. References to ongoing studies
  5. Additional references
  6. References to other published versions of this review
Aladangady 2006 {published data only}
  • Aladangady N, McHugh S, Aitchison TC, Wardrop CA, Holland BM. Infants' blood volume in a controlled trial of placental transfusion at preterm delivery. Pediatrics 2006;117(1):93-8.
Baenziger 2007 {published data only}
  • Baenziger O, Stolkin F, Keel M, von Siebenthal K, Fauchere JC, Das Kundu S, et al. The influence of the timing of cord clamping on postnatal cerebral oxygenation in preterm neonates: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2007;119(3):455-9.
Hosono 2008 {published data only}
  • Hosono S, Mugishima H, Fujita H, Hosono A, Minato M, Okada T, et al. Umbilical cord milking reduces the need for red cell transfusions and improves neonatal adaptation in infants born at less than 29 weeks' gestation: a randomised controlled trial. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 2008;93(1):F14-9.
Hosono 2008a {published data only}
  • Hosono S, Mugishima H, Yonezawa R, Fujita H, Makimoto M, Okada T, et al. The effects of umbilical cord milking on cardio-pulmonary adaptation in preterm infants. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 2008;21(Suppl 1):45.
Hosono 2009 {published data only}
  • Hosono S, Mugishima H, Fujita H, Hosono A, Okada T, Takahashi S, et al. Blood pressure and urine output during the first 120 h of life in infants born at less than 29 weeks' gestation related to umbilical cord milking. Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal Edition 2009;94(5):F328-31.
Kugelman 2007 {published data only}
  • Kugelman A, Borenstein-Levin L, Riskin A, Chistyakov I, Ohel G, Gonen R, et al. Immediate versus delayed umbilical cord clamping in premature neonates born < 35 weeks: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. American Journal of Perinatology 2007;24(5):307-15.
Kugelman 2009 {published data only}
  • Kugelman A, Borenstein-Levin L, Kessel A, Riskin A, Toubi E, Bader D. Immunologic and infectious consequences of immediate versus delayed umbilical cord clamping in premature infants: A prospective, randomized, controlled study. Journal of Perinatal Medicine 2009;37(3):281-7.
Mercer 2003 {published data only}
  • Mercer JS, McGrath MM, Hensman A, Silver H, Oh W. Immediate and delayed cord clamping in infants born between 24 and 32 weeks: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Journal of Perinatology 2003;23:466-72.
Mercer 2005 {published data only}
  • Mercer JS, Vohr BR, Oh W. Delayed cord clamping in very preterm infants reduces the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and late onset sepsis (LOS) [abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2005 May 14-17; Washington DC, USA. 2005:Abstract no: 2618.
Mercer 2006 {published data only}
  • Mercer JS, Vohr BR, McGrath MM, Padbury JF, Wallach M, Oh W. Delayed cord clamping in very preterm infants reduces the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and late-onset sepsis: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2006;117(4):1235-42.
Rabe 2007 {published data only}
Sekhavat 2008 {published data only}
  • Sekhavat L, Tabatabaii A. Immediate and delayed cord clamping in infants born between 26 and 34 weeks. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 2008;21(Suppl 1):181-2.
Strauss 2008 {published data only}
  • Strauss RG, Mock DM, Johnson KJ, Cress GA, Burmeister LF, Zimmerman MB, et al. A randomized clinical trial comparing immediate versus delayed clamping of the umbilical cord in preterm infants: short-term clinical and laboratory endpoints. Transfusion 2008;48(4):658-65.
    Direct Link:
Ultee 2008 {published data only}
  • Ultee CA, van der Deure J, Swart J, Lasham C, van Baar AL. Delayed cord clamping in preterm infants delivered at 34 36 weeks' gestation: a randomised controlled trial. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 2008;93(1):F20-3.

References to ongoing studies

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. References to studies awaiting assessment
  4. References to ongoing studies
  5. Additional references
  6. References to other published versions of this review
Holland 1998 {published data only (unpublished sought but not used)}
  • Holland BM. Placento-fetal (autologous) Transfusion at birth in infants born preterm: a randomised controled trial. Personal communication 1998.
Mercer 2004 {unpublished data only}
  • Mercer JS. Randomized controlled trial of delayed cord clamping in infants born between 24 and 31 +6/7 weeks' gestation. Personal communication 2004.

Additional references

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. References to studies awaiting assessment
  4. References to ongoing studies
  5. Additional references
  6. References to other published versions of this review
Brune 2002
  • Brune T, Garritsen H, Witteler R, Schlake A, Wüllenweber J, Louwen F, et al. Autologous placental blood transfusion for the therapy of anemic neonates. Biology of the Neonate 2002;81:236-43.
Clarke 1999
  • Clarke M, Oxman AD, editors. Cochrane Reviewers’ Handbook 4.0 [updated July 1999]. In: Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program]. Version 4.0. Oxford, England: The Cochrane Collaboration, 1999.
Holland 1991
  • Holland BM, Wardrop CAJ. Anaemias of the preterm infant. In: Turner TL editor(s). Perinatal haematological problems. Chichester, UK: Wiley, 1991:121-35.
Hudson 1990
  • Hudson IRB, Holland BM, Jones JG, Turner TL, Wardrop CAJ. First day total circulating red cell volume (RCV) predicts outcome in preterm infants. Pediatric Research 1990;27(4 Pt 2):209A.
Linderkamp 1978
  • Linderkamp O, Versmold HT, Fendel H, Reigel KP, Betke K. Association of neonatal respiratory distress with birth asphyxia and deficiency of red cell mass in premature infants. European Journal of Paediatrics 1978;129:167-73.
McDonald 2008
  • McDonald SJ, Middleton P. Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping of term infants on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 2. [DOI: ]
RevMan 2003
  • The Cochrane Collaboration. Review Manager (RevMan). 4.2 for Windows. Oxford, England: The Cochrane Collaboration, 2003.
Ringer 1998
Schmidt 2001
  • Schmidt B, Davis P, Moddemann D, Ohlsson A, Roberts RS, Saigal S, et al. Long-term effects of indomethacin prophylaxis in extremely-low-birth-weight infants. New England Journal of Medicine 2001;344:1966-72.
Yao 1974

References to other published versions of this review

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. References to studies awaiting assessment
  4. References to ongoing studies
  5. Additional references
  6. References to other published versions of this review
Elbourne 1995
  • Elbourne DR. Early cord clamping in preterm infants. [revised 22 June 1993]. In: Enkin MW, Keirse MJNC, Renfrew MJ, Neilson JP, Crowther C (eds.) Pregnancy and Childbirth Module. In: The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Database [database on disk and CDROM]. The Cochrane Collaboration; Issue 2, Oxford: Update Software; 1995.
View Full Article (HTML) Summary (57K)Standard (227K)Full (312K)