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Intrarectal quinine versus intravenous or intramuscular quinine for treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria

  1. Michael Eisenhut1,*,
  2. Aika AA Omari2

Editorial Group: Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group

Published Online: 21 JAN 2009

Assessed as up-to-date: 27 AUG 2008

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004009.pub3

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How to Cite

Eisenhut M, Omari AAA. Intrarectal quinine versus intravenous or intramuscular quinine for treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD004009. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004009.pub3.

Author Information

  1. 1

    Luton & Dunstable Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Paediatric Department, Luton, UK

  2. 2

    Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK

*Michael Eisenhut, Paediatric Department, Luton & Dunstable Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Lewsey Road, Luton, LU4 0DZ, UK. michael.eisenhut@talk21.com.

Publication History

  1. Publication Status: New search for studies and content updated (no change to conclusions)
  2. Published Online: 21 JAN 2009

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References

References to studies included in this review

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. Additional references
  4. References to other published versions of this review
Achan 2007 {published data only}
  • Achan J, Byarugaba J, Barennes H, Tumwine JK. Rectal versus intravenous quinine for the treatment of childhood cerebral malaria in Kampala, Uganda: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Clinical Infectious Disease 2007;45(11):1446-52.
Assimadi 2002 {published data only}
  • Assimadi JK, Gbadoe AD, Agbodjan-Djossou O, Larsen SE, Kusiaku K, Lawson-Evi K, et al. Comparative efficacy and tolerance of diluted injectable quinine administered by the intramuscular versus intrarectal route for the treatment of malaria in children [Quinine injectable diluee en intramusuclaire et en intrarectal: efficacite et tolerance comparees dans le traitement du paludisme de l'enfant]. Medecine Tropicale 2002;62(2):158-62.
Barennes 1995 {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Kahiatani D, Clavier F, Meynard D, Njifountawaouo S, Barennes-Rasoanandrasana F, et al. Intrarectal quinine, an alternative to parenteral injections for the treatment of childhood malaria. Clinical, parasitological and pharmacokinetic study [La quinine intrarectale, une alternative aux injections parenterales pour le traitement du paludisme de jeune enfant. Etude clinique, parasitologique et pharmacologique]. Medecine Tropicale 1995;55 Suppl 4:91-4.
  • Barennes H, Kahiatani F, Pussard E, Clavier F, Meynard D, Njifountawouo S, et al. Intrarectal Quinimax (an association of Cinchona alkaloids) for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children in Niger: efficacy and pharmacokinetics. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1995;89(4):418-21.
Barennes 1996a {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Pussard E, Mahaman Sani A, Clavier F, Kahiatani F, Granic G, et al. Efficacy and pharmacokinetics of a new intrarectal quinine formulation in children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 1996;41(5):389-95.
    Direct Link:
Barennes 1998 {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Munjakazi J, Verdier F, Clavier F, Pussard E. An open randomized clinical study of intrarectal versus infused Quinimax for the treatment of childhood cerebral malaria in Niger. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1998;92(4):437-40.
Barennes 1999 {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Verdier F, Clavier F, Pussard E. Pharmacokinetics of Quinimax suppositories in children with malaria: a preliminary study. Clinical Drug Investigation 1999;17(4):287-91.
Barennes 2001 {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Kailou D, Pussard E, Munjakazi JM, Fernan M, Sherouat H, et al. Intrarectal administration of quinine: an early treatment for severe malaria in children? [Administration intrarectale de la quinine: un traitement precoce du paludisme grave de l'enfant?]. Sante 2001;11(3):145-53.
Barennes 2003 {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Sterlingot H, Nagot N, Meda H, Kabore M, Sanou M, et al. Intrarectal pharmacokinetics of two formulations of quinine in children with falciparum malaria. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2003;58(10):649-52.
Barennes 2006 {published data only}
  • Barennes H. Intrarectal administration of Quinimax® in children: bioavailability, efficacy and tolerance. Symposium workbook, The Third MIM Pan-African Conference on Malaria, 17-22 November, Arusha, Tanzania. 2002:16-23.
  • Barennes H, Balima-Koussoube T, Nagot N, Charpentier J-C, Pussard E. Safety and efficacy of rectal compared with intramuscular quinine for the early treatment of moderately severe malaria in children: randomised clinical trial. BMJ 2006;332:1055-9.
Pussard 2004 {published data only}
  • Pussard E, Straczek C, Kabore I, Bicaba A, Balima-Koussoube T, Bouree P, et al. Dose-dependent resorption of quinine after intrarectal administration to children with moderate Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2004;48(11):4422-6.

References to studies excluded from this review

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. Additional references
  4. References to other published versions of this review
Barennes 1989 {published data only}
  • Barennes H. [Essai clinique du Quinimax ampoules par voie intra-rectale dans le service de pediatrie de l'hopital de Morondava, Madagascar]. Medecine Digest 1989;15:1-4.
Barennes 1993 {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Renouil M, Macaigne F, Raoseta V, Raoelina Y. Injectable quinine can be effectively injected intra rectally in children with malaria. Urinary excretion of quinine [Efficacite de la quinine injectable diluee en intra-rectal dans le paludisme de l'enfant et excretion urinaire de la quinine]. Medecine d'Afrique Noire 1993;40(6):401-4.
Barennes 1994 {published data only}
Barennes 1996b {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Pussard E, Sani AM, Clavier F, Henzel D, Kahiatani F, et al. Intrarectal Quinimax (a combination of cinchona alkaloids) administered at 3 different dosages to children with Plasmodium falcicparum malaria in Niger. Clinical Drug Investigation 1996;11(3):154-8.
Barennes 1999b {published data only}
  • Barennes H, Mahaman Sani A, Kahia Tani F, Meda H, Khenine A. Tolerance of intrarectal quinine in children in French-speaking Africa [Tolerance de la quinine administree en solution intrarectale chez l'enfant en Afrique Francophone]. Medecine Tropical 1999;59(4):383-8.
Landais 2007 {published data only}
  • Landais E, Poisson C, Condamine JL. Analysis of 1697 cases of childhood malaria treated using intra-rectal quinimax (QIR) in the Tilaberi health district in Niger [Analyse de 1697 cas de paludisme de l'enfant traite par quinimax intra-rectal (QIR) dans le district sanitaire de Tilaberi au Niger]. Medecine Tropicale 2007;67(5):471-6.
Ndiaye 2007 {published data only}
  • Ndiaye JLA, Tine RC, Faye B, Dieye EHL, Diack PA, Lameyre V, et al. Pilot feasibility study of an emergency paediatric kit for intra-rectal quinine administration used by the personnel of community-based health care units in Senegal. Malaria Journal 2007;6(1):152.
Pussard 1996 {published data only}
  • Pussard E, Verdier F. Intrarectal administration of antimalarial drugs for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Recent Research and Developments in Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy 1996;1:319-31.
Thera 2007 {published data only}
  • Thera MA, Keita F, Sissoko MS, Traore OB, Coulibaly D, Sacko M, et al. Acceptability and efficacy of intra-rectal quinine alkaloids as a pre-transfer treatment of non-per os malaria in peripheral health care facilities in Mopti, Mali. Malaria Journal 2007;6(1):68.

Additional references

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. Additional references
  4. References to other published versions of this review
Anothay 2000
  • Anothay O, Pongvongsa T, Maharat N, Sirivichayakul C, Chantavanich P, Silachamroon U, et al. Clinical presentation of childhood malaria in Savannakhet province, Lao PDR. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 2000;31 Suppl 1:85-90.
Barennes 1999a
  • Barennes H. Intramuscular injections in Sub-saharan African children, apropos of a frequently misunderstood pathology: the complications related to intramuscular quinine injections [Les injections intramusculaires chez l'enfant en Afrique subsaharienne, a propos d'une pathologie souvent meconnue: les complications liees aux injections intramusculaires de quinine]. Bulletin de la Societe Pathologique Exotique 1999;92(1):33-7.
Bjorkman 1991
Bourrel 1982
  • Bourrel P, Souvestre R. A particular nervous traumatology: lesions of sciatic nerve by quinine intragluteal injections (author's transl) [Les lesions du nerf sciatique par injections intra-fessieres de quinine]. Medecine Tropicale 1982;42(2):209-13.
Carayon 1960
  • Carayon A, Blanc JF, Caron JJ. [Accidents nerveux par infections intra-fessieres d'antipaludiques. Indication de la neurolyse des troncs plexuels sciatiques]. Bulletin de la Societe Medicale D'Afrique Noire de Langue Francaise 1960;52:112-23.
Eisenhut 2008
  • Eisenhut M. The importance of the equivalence trial design for comparison of rectal quinine treatment with other quinine applications. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2008;46(11):1795-6.
Hoelscher 1994
  • Hoelscher M, Riedner G, Hemed Y, Wagner H, Korte R, von Sonnenburg F. Estimating the number of HIV transmissions through reused syringes and needles in the Mbeya Region, Tanzania. AIDS 1994;8(11):1609-15.
Jelinek 1995
  • Jelinek T, Schelbert P, Loescher T, Eichenlaub D. Quinine resistant falciparum malaria acquired in East Africa. Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 1995;46(1):38-40.
Jüni 2001
Kortepeter 1998
Lefebvre 2008
  • Lefebvre C, Manheimer E, Glanville J. Chapter 6: Searching for studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.0 (updated February 2008). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2008. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org.
Piarroux 1993
  • Piarroux R, Dumon H, Garnier JM, Lehmann M, Unal D, Quilici M. Choice of therapy for imported cases of falciparum malaria in children: a retrospective study of 100 cases seen in Marseilles, France. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1993;87(1):72-4.
RBM 2001
  • Global Partnership to Roll Back Malaria. The use of antimalarial drugs: report of a WHO informal consultation, 13-17 November 2000. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001.
RBM 2002
  • Roll Back Malaria. What is Roll Back Malaria? RBM Infosheet 2. Roll Back Malaria, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. March 2002.
RBM 2005
  • Global Partnership to Roll Back Malaria. World malaria report: 2005. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2005.
Review Manager 5
  • The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration. Review Manager (RevMan). 5.0. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2008.
Sowunmi 2000
White 1982
  • White NJ, Looareesuwan S, Warrell DA, Warrell MJ, Bunnag D, Harinasuta T. Quinine pharmacokinetics and toxicity in cerebral and uncomplicated falciparum malaria. American Journal of Medicine 1982;73(4):564-72.
WHO 2000
  • Severe falciparum malaria. World Health Organization, Communicable Diseases Cluster. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2000; Vol. 94 Suppl 1:1-90.
Wyatt 1984
Wyatt 1989
Wyatt 1992
Yen 1994

References to other published versions of this review

  1. References to studies included in this review
  2. References to studies excluded from this review
  3. Additional references
  4. References to other published versions of this review
Eisenhut 2005
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