Chapter 3. Characteristics of Fluorescence Emission

  1. Prof. Dr. Bernard Valeur

Published Online: 20 DEC 2001

DOI: 10.1002/3527600248.ch3

Book Title

Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications

Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications

Additional Information

How to Cite

Valeur, B. (2001) Characteristics of Fluorescence Emission, in Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, FRG. doi: 10.1002/3527600248.ch3

Author Information

  1. Laboratoire de Chimie Générale, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 292 rue Saint-Martin, 75141 Paris Cedex 03, France

Publication History

  1. Published Online: 20 DEC 2001
  2. Published Print: 21 DEC 2001

ISBN Information

Print ISBN: 9783527299195

Online ISBN: 9783527600243

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Keywords:

  • radiative transitions;
  • non-radiative transitions;
  • fluorescence;
  • intersystem crossing;
  • phosphorescence;
  • non-radiative de-excitation;
  • delayed fluorescence;
  • triplet–triplet transitions;
  • quantum yields;
  • excited-state lifetimes;
  • emission spectra;
  • excitation spectra;
  • steady-state fluorescence intensity;
  • Stokes shift;
  • photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT);
  • red-edge effects

Summary

  • Radiative and non-radiative transitions between electronic states

    • Internal conversion

    • Fluorescence

    • Intersystem crossing and subsequent processes

      • Intersystem crossing

      • Phosphorescence versus non-radiative de-excitation

      • Delayed fluorescence

      • Triplet–triplet transitions

  • Lifetimes and quantum yields

    • Excited-state lifetimes

    • Quantum yields

    • Effect of temperature

  • Emission and excitation spectra

    • Steady-state fluorescence intensity

    • Emission spectra

    • Excitation spectra

    • Stokes shift

  • Effects of molecular structure on fluorescence

    • Extent of π-electron system. Nature of the lowest-lying transition

    • Substituted aromatic hydrocarbons

      • Internal heavy atom effect

      • Electron-donating substituents: [BOND]OH, [BOND]OR, [BOND]NHR, [BOND]NH2

      • Electron-withdrawing substituents: carbonyl and nitro compounds

      • Sulfonates

    • Heterocyclic compounds

    • Compounds undergoing photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and internal rotation

  • Environmental factors affecting fluorescence

    • Homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening. Red-edge effects

    • Solid matrices at low temperature

    • Fluorescence in supersonic jets

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