18. Neurotoxicity of Organophosphates and Carbamates

  1. Tetsuo Satoh5,6,7,
  2. Ramesh C. Gupta8
  1. Kiran Dip Gill1,
  2. Govinder Flora2,3,
  3. Vidhu Pachauri4,
  4. Swaran J. S. Flora4

Published Online: 28 MAR 2011

DOI: 10.1002/9780470640500.ch18

Book Title

Anticholinesterase Pesticides: Metabolism, Neurotoxicity, and Epidemiology

Anticholinesterase Pesticides: Metabolism, Neurotoxicity, and Epidemiology

Additional Information

How to Cite

Gill, K. D., Flora, G., Pachauri, V. and Flora, S. J. S. (2011) Neurotoxicity of Organophosphates and Carbamates, in Anticholinesterase Pesticides: Metabolism, Neurotoxicity, and Epidemiology (eds T. Satoh and R. C. Gupta), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA. doi: 10.1002/9780470640500.ch18

Editor Information

  1. 5

    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Japan

  2. 6

    Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

  3. 7

    HAB Research Institute, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan

  4. 8

    Toxicology Department, Breathitt Veterinary Center, Murray State University, Hopkinsville, KY, USA

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

  2. 2

    Spherix Inc., 6430 Rockledge Dr. Westmoreland Bldg. #503, Bethesda, MD, USA

  3. 3

    41779 Bristow Manor Dr, Ashburn, VA 20148, USA

  4. 4

    Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, India

Publication History

  1. Published Online: 28 MAR 2011
  2. Published Print: 18 JAN 2011

ISBN Information

Print ISBN: 9780470410301

Online ISBN: 9780470640500

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CHAPTER TOOLS

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Keywords:

  • organophosphate and carbamate neurotoxicity;
  • OPs and gulf war syndrome (GW) - veterans, unexplained illnesses, a mystery;
  • major events, in organophosphate and carbamate induced reactive oxygen species

Summary

This chapter contains sections titled:

  • Introduction

  • Acute Cholinergic Toxicity

  • Clinical Signs and Symptoms

  • Organophosphorus Ester-Induced Delayed Neurotoxicity/Neuropathy (OPIDN)

  • Delayed Onset of Encephalopathy and Coma in Acute OP Poisoning in Humans

  • Chronic Neurotoxicity

  • OPs and the Gulf War Syndrome

  • Pesticides Exposure and Parkinson's Disease

  • Effects on Receptors

  • Oxidative Stress

  • Seizure Activity and Oxidative Stress

  • Signaling Path Way

  • Effects on Gene Expression

  • Treatment of Organophosphate Poisoning

  • Additional Therapies

  • Anticonvulsants

  • Other Methods of Antidotal Treatment

  • Prevention and Treatment of Organophosphate-Induced Delayed Polyneuropathy

  • Conclusion

  • References

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