Chapter 7. Defining Background and Threshold, Identification of Data Outliers and Element Sources

  1. Clemens Reimann M.Sc. in Mineralogy and Petrology, Ph.D. in Geosciences, D.Sc. in Applied Geochemistry lecturer senior geochemist director professor chairman acting vice president associate editor1,
  2. Peter Filzmoser Applied Mathematics visiting professor2,
  3. Robert G. Garrett Mining Geology and Applied Geochemistry Emeritus Scientist3,
  4. Rudolf Dutter M.Sc., Ph.D. senior statistician full professor post-doctoral fellow2

Published Online: 18 APR 2008

DOI: 10.1002/9780470987605.ch7

Book Title

Statistical Data Analysis Explained: Applied Environmental Statistics with R

Statistical Data Analysis Explained: Applied Environmental Statistics with R

Additional Information

How to Cite

Reimann, C., Filzmoser, P., Garrett, R. G. and Dutter, R. (2008) Defining Background and Threshold, Identification of Data Outliers and Element Sources, in Statistical Data Analysis Explained: Applied Environmental Statistics with R, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK. doi: 10.1002/9780470987605.ch7

Author Information

  1. 1

    Geological Survey of Norway, Norway

  2. 2

    Vienna University of Technology, Austria

  3. 3

    Geological Survey of Canada, Canada

Publication History

  1. Published Online: 18 APR 2008
  2. Published Print: 4 APR 2008

ISBN Information

Print ISBN: 9780470985816

Online ISBN: 9780470987605

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CHAPTER TOOLS

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Keywords:

  • data outlier identification and element sources;
  • maximum admissible concentrations (MAC-values);
  • Kola Project O-horizon data set;
  • Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA);
  • concentration-area (CA-) plot;
  • background threshold and data outlier identification;
  • “background” and “contamination/anomaly”;
  • geochemical mapping and data structure visualisation;
  • geogenic and anthropogenic element sources

Summary

This chapter contains sections titled:

  • Statistical methods to identify extreme values and data outliers

  • Detecting outliers and extreme values in the ECDF- or CP-plot

  • Including the spatial distribution in the definition of background

  • Methods to distinguish geogenic from anthropogenic element sources

  • Summary

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