Dr. Dines has received consultant fees, speaking fees, and/or honoraria (less than $10,000) from Biometrics.
Special Article
You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article
Role of fatty infiltration in the pathophysiology and outcomes of rotator cuff tears
Article first published online: 28 DEC 2011
DOI: 10.1002/acr.20552
Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Rheumatology
Additional Information
How to Cite
Chaudhury, S., Dines, J. S., Delos, D., Warren, R. F., Voigt, C. and Rodeo, S. A. (2012), Role of fatty infiltration in the pathophysiology and outcomes of rotator cuff tears. Arthritis Care Res, 64: 76–82. doi: 10.1002/acr.20552
- †
Dr. Dines has received consultant fees, speaking fees, and/or honoraria (less than $10,000) from Biometrics.
- ‡
Dr. Warren receives royalties from Smith and Nephew and Biomet.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 28 DEC 2011
- Article first published online: 28 DEC 2011
- Accepted manuscript online: 18 JUL 2011 09:39AM EST
- Manuscript Accepted: 27 JUN 2011
- Manuscript Received: 31 MAR 2011
REFERENCES
- 1, , , , , . Natural history of asymptomatic rotator cuff tears: a longitudinal analysis of asymptomatic tears detected sonographically. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2001; 10: 199–203.
- 2, , . Clinical outcome after structural failure of rotator cuff repairs. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82: 304–14.
- 3, , , . Influence of supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscular fatty degeneration on the prognosis of rotator cuff surgical repair. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 1999; 85: 668–76.
- 4, , , , , . Relationship of tear size and location to fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010; 92A: 829–39.
- 5, , . The results of repair of massive tears of the rotator cuff. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82: 505–15.
- 6, , , , . Effect of tendon release and delayed repair on the structure of the muscles of the rotator cuff: an experimental study in sheep. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2004; 86A: 1973–82.
- 7, , , . Delayed tendon reattachment does not reverse atrophy and fat accumulation of the supraspinatus. J Orthop Res 2002; 20: 357–63.
- 8, , , , , , et al. Chronic rotator cuff injury and repair model in sheep. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2003; 85: 2391–402.
- 9, , , , , , et al. Reversion of structural muscle changes caused by chronic rotator cuff tears using continuous musculotendinous traction. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2009; 18: 163–71.
- 10, , , , , . Development of fatty atrophy after neurologic and rotator cuff injuries in an animal model of rotator cuff pathology. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010; 92A: 2270–8.
- 11, , . The association of suprascapular neuropathy with massive rotator cuff tears. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2006; 15: 395–8.
- 12, , , . An anatomic study of the effects on the suprascapular nerve due to retraction of the supraspinatus muscle after a rotator cuff tear. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2003; 12: 497–500.
- 13, , , , , . Effects of rotator cuff ruptures on the cellular and intracellular composition of the human supraspinatus muscle. Tissue Cell 2010; 42: 37–41.
- 14, , , , , . The association between retraction of the torn rotator cuff and increasing expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression: an immunohistological study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2010; 11: 230.
- 15, , , , . Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures: pre- and postoperative evaluation by CT scan. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1994; 304: 78–83.
- 16, , , , . Fatty degeneration of the muscles of the rotator cuff: assessment by computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 1999; 8: 599–605.
- 17, , , , . Fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus: a reliability study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2009; 18: 581–7.
- 18, , , , , . Intra- and interobserver reproducibility of CT scan diagnosis and classification of fatty infiltration of disrupted rotator cuff muscles. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 2002; 88: 359–64. In French.
- 19, , , , , , et al. Interobserver agreement in the classification of rotator cuff tears using magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Sports Med 2008; 36: 99–103.
- 20, , , , . Reliability of the grading system for fatty degeneration of rotator cuff muscles. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010; 468: 1558–64.
- 21, , . Atrophy and fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus muscle: sonography versus MRI. Am J Roentgenology 2008; 190: 1105–11.
- 22, , , , , , et al. The presence of fatty infiltration in the infraspinatus: its relation with the condition of the supraspinatus tendon. Arthroscopy 2011; 27: 463–70.
- 23, , , , . Influence of cuff muscle fatty degeneration on anatomic and functional outcomes after simple suture of full-thickness tears. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2003; 12: 550–4.
- 24, , , . Fatty infiltration and atrophy of the rotator cuff do not improve after rotator cuff repair and correlate with poor functional outcome. Am J Sports Med 2007; 35: 719–28.
- 25, , , , , , et al. Surgically repaired massive rotator cuff tears: MRI of tendon integrity, muscle fatty degeneration, and muscle atrophy correlated with intraoperative and clinical findings. Am J Roentgenology 2005; 184: 1456–63.
- 26, , , , . Arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff tears with stage 3 and 4 fatty degeneration. Arthroscopy 2007; 23: 347–54.
- 27, , , , . Fatty infiltration of disrupted rotator cuff muscles. Revue Rhum Engl Ed 1995; 62: 415–22.
- 28, , , . Natural history of fatty infiltration and atrophy of the supraspinatus muscle in rotator cuff tears. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010; 468: 1498–505.
- 29, , . Muscle fatty infiltration in rotator cuff tears: descriptive analysis of 1688 cases. Orthop Traumatol 2009; 95: 319–24.
- 30
- 31, , , . Clinical outcome after structural failure of rotator cuff repairs. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82: 304–14.
- 32, , , . Early reattachment does not reverse atrophy and fat accumulation of the supraspinatus: an experimental study in rabbits. J Orthop Res 2003; 21: 386–92.
- 33, , , , , . Evaluation of fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus muscle using a new measuring tool and its correlation between multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Sports Med 2010; 39: 599–606.
- 34, , , , . Intermediate term functional outcome prediction following full thickness rotator cuff tear reparative or not reparative surgery. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2010; 96: 727–33.
- 35, , , , , . The level of vitamin D in the serum correlates with fatty degeneration of the muscles of the rotator cuff. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2009; 91: 1587–93.

2151-4658/asset/olbannerleft.gif?v=1&s=75d1dd4933b4687fdb365bb32190b0a4ef453ee7)
2151-4658/asset/olbannerright.gif?v=1&s=a36ba6af41bd9af370864f6461a516746a709d31)
