Full Paper

Porous Polymer Coatings: a Versatile Approach to Superhydrophobic Surfaces

  1. Pavel A. Levkin1,
  2. Frantisek Svec2,
  3. Jean M. J. Fréchet1,*

Article first published online: 14 MAY 2009

DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200801916

Issue

Advanced Functional Materials

Advanced Functional Materials

Volume 19, Issue 12, pages 1993–1998, June 23, 2009

Additional Information

How to Cite

Levkin, P. A., Svec, F. and Fréchet, J. M. J. (2009), Porous Polymer Coatings: a Versatile Approach to Superhydrophobic Surfaces. Advanced Functional Materials, 19: 1993–1998. doi: 10.1002/adfm.200801916

Author Information

  1. 1

    College of Chemistry University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-1460 (USA)

  2. 2

    The Molecular Foundry E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)

*College of Chemistry University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-1460 (USA).

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 12 JUN 2009
  2. Article first published online: 14 MAY 2009
  3. Manuscript Revised: 16 MAR 2009
  4. Manuscript Received: 27 DEC 2008

Funded by

  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health. Grant Number: EB-006133

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Keywords:

  • photografting;
  • porous polymer;
  • superhydrophilic;
  • superhydrophobic;
  • surface modification;
  • transparency

Graphical Abstract

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Superhydrophobic polymer coatings on surfaces are prepared using photopolymerization of a mixture containing monomers, porogenic solvents and UV initiator. This method is applicable to a variety of substrates. Independent control of structure and surface chemistry of the porous polymers can be used to modulate both transparency and superhydrophobicity of the materials.

Abstract

Here, a facile and inexpensive approach to superhydrophobic polymer coatings is presented. The method involves the in situ polymerization of common monomers in the presence of a porogenic solvent to afford superhydrophobic surfaces with the desired combination of micro- and nanoscale roughness. The method is applicable to a variety of substrates and is not limited to small areas or flat surfaces. The polymerized material can be ground into a superhydrophobic powder, which, once applied to a surface, renders it superhydrophobic. The morphology of the porous polymer structure can be efficiently controlled by composition of the polymerization mixture, while surface chemistry can be adjusted by photografting. Morphology control is used to reduce the globule size of the porous architecture from micro down to nanoscale thereby affording a transparent material. The influence of both surface chemistry as well as the length scale of surface roughness on the superhydrophobicity is discussed.

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