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Keywords:

  • Conjugated polymers;
  • Electrochromic materials;
  • Polypyrroles
Thumbnail image of graphical abstract

A new technique for direct measurement and visualization of ion transport in electrochromic materials that will be instrumental in formulating and validating physics-based models of electrochemical reactions is presented (see Figure). Initial experimental and modeling results have been obtained by applying the method to dodecyl- benzene-sulfonate-doped polypyrrole (PPy(DBS)). Migration, normally neglected in electrochemistry, plays a significant role in ion transport in PPy.