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Keywords:

  • block copolymers;
  • domain orientation;
  • humidity level;
  • polymer electrolyte membrane
Thumbnail image of graphical abstract

Domain orientation in polymer electrolyte membranes is tuned by controlling its sulfonation level and the moisture content of the air. At low sulfonation levels, highly ordered hydrophobic cylinders oriented perpendicular to the film surface are obtained, when the film is in humid air. Increasing the sulfonation level results in a transition from perpendicular to parallel orientation.