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Keywords:

  • actuators;
  • stimuli responsive materials;
  • robotics;
  • self-assembly;
  • self-folding;
  • microsurgery
Thumbnail image of graphical abstract

Thermally activated, untethered microgrippers can reach narrow conduits in the body and be used to excise tissue for diagnostic analyses. As depicted in the figure, the feasibility of an in vivo biopsy of the porcine bile duct using untethered microgrippers is demonstrated.