Research Article

Meta-analysis of genome-wide linkage scans of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder†

  1. Kaixin Zhou1,
  2. Astrid Dempfle2,
  3. Mauricio Arcos-Burgos3,4,
  4. Steven C. Bakker5,
  5. Tobias Banaschewski6,
  6. Joseph Biederman7,
  7. Jan Buitelaar8,
  8. F. Xavier Castellanos9,
  9. Alysa Doyle7,
  10. Richard P. Ebstein10,
  11. Jenny Ekholm11,
  12. Paola Forabosco12,13,
  13. Barbara Franke8,14,
  14. Christine Freitag15,
  15. Susann Friedel16,
  16. Michael Gill17,
  17. Johannes Hebebrand16,
  18. Anke Hinney16,
  19. Christian Jacob18,
  20. Klaus Peter Lesch18,
  21. Sandra K. Loo19,
  22. Francisco Lopera20,
  23. James T. McCracken19,
  24. James J. McGough19,
  25. Jobst Meyer21,
  26. Eric Mick7,
  27. Ana Miranda22,
  28. Maximilian Muenke14,
  29. Fernando Mulas23,
  30. Stanley F. Nelson11,
  31. T.Trang Nguyen2,
  32. Robert D. Oades24,
  33. Matthew N. Ogdie25,
  34. Juan David Palacio20,
  35. David Pineda20,
  36. Andreas Reif18,
  37. Tobias J. Renner26,
  38. Herbert Roeyers27,
  39. Marcel Romanos26,
  40. Aribert Rothenberger28,
  41. Helmut Schäfer2,
  42. Joseph Sergeant29,
  43. Richard J. Sinke5,
  44. Susan L. Smalley19,30,
  45. Edmund Sonuga-Barke1,9,31,
  46. Hans-Christoph Steinhausen32,
  47. Emma van der Meulen33,
  48. Susanne Walitza26,
  49. Andreas Warnke26,
  50. Cathryn M Lewis1,12,
  51. Stephen V. Faraone7,34,
  52. Philip Asherson1,*

Article first published online: 5 NOV 2008

DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30878

Issue

American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics

American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics

Special Issue: Special Issue on the Genetics of ADHD Dedicated to the Memory of Richard Todd

Volume 147B, Issue 8, pages 1392–1398, 5 December 2008

Additional Information

How to Cite

Zhou, K., Dempfle, A., Arcos-Burgos, M., Bakker, S. C., Banaschewski, T., Biederman, J., Buitelaar, J., Castellanos, F. X., Doyle, A., Ebstein, R. P., Ekholm, J., Forabosco, P., Franke, B., Freitag, C., Friedel, S., Gill, M., Hebebrand, J., Hinney, A., Jacob, C., Lesch, K. P., Loo, S. K., Lopera, F., McCracken, J. T., McGough, J. J., Meyer, J., Mick, E., Miranda, A., Muenke1, M., Mulas, F., Nelson, S. F., Nguyen, T.Trang., Oades, R. D., Ogdie, M. N., Palacio, J. D., Pineda, D., Reif, A., Renner, T. J., Roeyers, H., Romanos, M., Rothenberger, A., Schäfer, H., Sergeant, J., Sinke, R. J., Smalley, S. L., Sonuga-Barke, E., Steinhausen, H.-C., van der Meulen, E., Walitza, S., Warnke, A., Lewis, C. M., Faraone, S. V. and Asherson, P. (2008), Meta-analysis of genome-wide linkage scans of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am. J. Med. Genet., 147B: 1392–1398. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30878

Author Information

  1. 1

    Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK

  2. 2

    Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany

  3. 3

    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida

  4. 4

    Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

  5. 5

    Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

  6. 6

    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany

  7. 7

    Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

  8. 8

    Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

  9. 9

    Child Study Center, New York University, New York, New York

  10. 10

    Geha MHC, Petach-Tikva, Israel

  11. 11

    Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California

  12. 12

    Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK

  13. 13

    Istituto di Genetica delle Popolazioni—CNR, Alghero, Italy

  14. 14

    Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

  15. 15

    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

  16. 16

    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

  17. 17

    Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

  18. 18

    ADHD Clinical Research Program, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

  19. 19

    Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California

  20. 20

    Neurosciences Group, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

  21. 21

    Department of Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of Trier, Trier, Germany

  22. 22

    Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

  23. 23

    Department of Neuropaediatric, La Fe University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Valencia, Spain

  24. 24

    University Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Essen, Germany

  25. 25

    The Broad Institute, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts

  26. 26

    ADHD Clinical Research Program, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

  27. 27

    Ghent University, Dunantlaan, Ghent, Belgium

  28. 28

    Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany

  29. 29

    Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  30. 30

    Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California

  31. 31

    School of Psychology, Institute for Disorder on Impulse and Attention, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK

  32. 32

    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

  33. 33

    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

  34. 34

    Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York

*MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London SE5 8AF, UK.

  1. †

    Please cite this article as follows: Zhou K, Dempfle A, Arcos-Burgos M, Bakker SC, Banaschewski T, Biederman J, Buitelaar J, Castellanos FX, Doyle A, Ebstein RP, Ekholm J, Forabosco P, Franke B, Freitag C, Friedel S, Gill M, Hebebrand J, Hinney A, Jacob C, Lesch KP, Loo SK, Lopera F, McCracken JT, McGough JJ, Meyer J, Mick E, Miranda A, Muenke1 M, Mulas F, Nelson SF, Nguyen TT, Oades RD, Ogdie MN, Palacio JD, Pineda D, Reif A, Renner TJ, Roeyers H, Romanos M, Rothenberger A, Schäfer H, Sergeant J, Sinke RJ, Smalley SL, Sonuga-Barke E, Steinhausen H.-C, van der Meulen E, Walitza S, Warnke A, Lewis CM, Faraone SV, Asherson P. 2008. Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Linkage Scans of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Am J Med Genet Part B 147B:1392–1398.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 18 NOV 2008
  2. Article first published online: 5 NOV 2008
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 28 AUG 2008
  4. Manuscript Received: 30 MAY 2008

Funded by

  • NIH. Grant Numbers: R01HD37694, R01MH62873
  • NIMH. Grant Numbers: MH058277, MH071852
  • Academy of Finland (Ekholm)
  • MRC. Grant Number: G0400960

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Keywords:

  • ADHD;
  • GSMA;
  • linkage

Abstract

Genetic contribution to the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well established. Seven independent genome-wide linkage scans have been performed to map loci that increase the risk for ADHD. Although significant linkage signals were identified in some of the studies, there has been limited replications between the various independent datasets. The current study gathered the results from all seven of the ADHD linkage scans and performed a Genome Scan Meta Analysis (GSMA) to identify the genomic region with most consistent linkage evidence across the studies. Genome-wide significant linkage (PSR = 0.00034, POR = 0.04) was identified on chromosome 16 between 64 and 83 Mb. In addition there are nine other genomic regions from the GSMA showing nominal or suggestive evidence of linkage. All these linkage results may be informative and focus the search for novel ADHD susceptibility genes. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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