Review

Chemical and Physical Solutions for Hydrogen Storage

  1. Ulrich Eberle Dr.2,
  2. Michael Felderhoff Dr.1,
  3. Ferdi Schüth Prof. Dr.1

Article first published online: 13 JUL 2009

DOI: 10.1002/anie.200806293

Issue

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Volume 48, Issue 36, pages 6608–6630, August 24, 2009

Additional Information

How to Cite

Eberle, U., Felderhoff, M. and Schüth, F. (2009), Chemical and Physical Solutions for Hydrogen Storage. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 48: 6608–6630. doi: 10.1002/anie.200806293

Author Information

  1. 1

    Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim (Germany)

  2. 2

    Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Electric Propulsion Research Strategy, GM Alternative Propulsion Center, IPC MK-01, Adam Opel GmbH, 65423 Rüsselsheim (Germany)

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 19 AUG 2009
  2. Article first published online: 13 JUL 2009
  3. Manuscript Received: 23 DEC 2008

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Keywords:

  • adsorption;
  • hydrides;
  • hydrogen;
  • hydrogen storage;
  • reforming

Graphical Abstract

Thumbnail image of graphical abstract

The stuff dreams are made of: Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier in future energy systems, but the storage for mobile and stationary applications is a substantial challenge. If on-board hydrogen storage of car running on a fuel cell can be solved, then also the other problems of a hydrogen infrastructure appear to be manageable. The picture compares the weight and volume of various fuels and tank systems for vehicles having a 500 km range.

Abstract

Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier in future energy systems. However, storage of hydrogen is a substantial challenge, especially for applications in vehicles with fuel cells that use proton-exchange membranes (PEMs). Different methods for hydrogen storage are discussed, including high-pressure and cryogenic-liquid storage, adsorptive storage on high-surface-area adsorbents, chemical storage in metal hydrides and complex hydrides, and storage in boranes. For the latter chemical solutions, reversible options and hydrolytic release of hydrogen with off-board regeneration are both possible. Reforming of liquid hydrogen-containing compounds is also a possible means of hydrogen generation. The advantages and disadvantages of the different systems are compared.

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