Special Feature: Review Article

Upconversion: road to El Dorado of the fluorescence world

  1. Li Ching Ong1,†,
  2. Muthu Kumara Gnanasammandhan1,†,
  3. Sounderya Nagarajan1,†,
  4. Yong Zhang1,2,*

Article first published online: 23 JUL 2009

DOI: 10.1002/bio.1229

Issue

Luminescence

Luminescence

Volume 25, Issue 4, pages 290–293, July/August 2010

Additional Information

How to Cite

Ong, L. C., Gnanasammandhan, M. K., Nagarajan, S. and Zhang, Y. (2010), Upconversion: road to El Dorado of the fluorescence world. Luminescence, 25: 290–293. doi: 10.1002/bio.1229

Author Information

  1. 1

    Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore

  2. 2

    Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore

  1. †

    Li Ching Ong, Muthu Kumara Gnanasammandhan and Sounderya Nagarajan contributed equally to this work.

*Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Block EA-03-12, National University of Singapore, 7 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 23 JUL 2009
  2. Article first published online: 23 JUL 2009
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 21 JUN 2010
  4. Manuscript Revised: 17 JUN 2010
  5. Manuscript Received: 1 MAY 2010

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Keywords:

  • Upconversion;
  • nanoparticles;
  • UCN;
  • biological applications;
  • imaging

Abstract

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs), in the recent times have attracted attention due to their unique properties, which makes them ideal fluorophores for use in biological applications. There have been various reports on their use for targeted cell imaging, drug and gene delivery and also for diffuse optical tomography. Here we give a brief introduction on what are UCNs and the mechanism of upconversion, followed by a discussion on the biological applications of UCNs and further on what the future holds for UCNs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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