Article

You have free access to this content

Microscopic examination of changes of plant cell structure in corn stover due to hot water pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis

  1. Meijuan Zeng1,2,
  2. Nathan S. Mosier1,2,
  3. Chia-Ping Huang4,
  4. Debra M. Sherman4,
  5. Michael R. Ladisch1,2,3,*

Article first published online: 12 DEC 2006

DOI: 10.1002/bit.21298

Issue

Biotechnology and Bioengineering

Biotechnology and Bioengineering

Volume 97, Issue 2, pages 265–278, 1 June 2007

Additional Information

How to Cite

Zeng, M., Mosier, N. S., Huang, C.-P., Sherman, D. M. and Ladisch, M. R. (2007), Microscopic examination of changes of plant cell structure in corn stover due to hot water pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 97: 265–278. doi: 10.1002/bit.21298

Author Information

  1. 1

    Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Potter Engineering Center, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; telephone: 765-494-7022, fax: 765-494-7023

  2. 2

    Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907

  3. 3

    Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Intramural Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907

  4. 4

    Life Science Microscopy Facility, Purdue University, S-052 Whistler Building, 170 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907

*Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Potter Engineering Center, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; telephone: 765-494-7022, fax: 765-494-7023.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 23 APR 2007
  2. Article first published online: 12 DEC 2006
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 30 NOV 2006
  4. Manuscript Received: 11 JUL 2006

Funded by

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • U.S. Department of Energy
  • Agricultural Research Programs at Purdue University
  • Purdue University. Grant Numbers: IFAFS 00-52104-9663, DE-FC36-01GO11075

SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

ARTICLE TOOLS

Get PDF (742K)

References

  • Adney B, Baker J. 1996. NREL analytical procedure: LAP006 measurement of cellulase activity. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Brown L, Torget R. 1996. NREL analytical procedure: LAP009 enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Brownell HH, Yu EKC, Saddler JN. 1986. Steam-explosion pretreatment of wood: Effect of chip size, acid, moisture content, and pressure drop. Biotechnol Bioeng 28: 792–801.
    Direct Link:
  • Coward-Kelly G, Aiello-Mazzari C, Kim S, Granda C, Holtzapple M. 2003. Suggested improvements to the standard filter paper assay used to measure cellulase activity. Biotechnol Bioeng 82: 745–749.
    Direct Link:
  • Cowling E. 1975. Cellulose as a chemical and energy resource. In: WilkeCR, editor. Biotechnology and bioengineering symposium No. 5. New York: Wiley. p 163–181.
  • Divine C, Sinning I, Stahlberg J, Petterson G, Bailey M, Siika-aho M, Margolles-Clark E, Terri T, Jones TA. 1993. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies on the core proteins of Cellobiohydolase I and Endoglucanase I from Trichoderma reesei. J Biol Chem 234: 905–907.
  • Divine C, Stahlberg J, Reinikainen T, Ruohonen L, Petterson G, Knowles JKC, Teeri TT, Jones TA. 1994. The three dimensional crystal structure of the catalytic core of cellobiohydrolase I from Trichoderma reesei. Science 265: 524–528.
  • Ehrman T. 1994. NREL analytical procedure: LAP005 standard method for ash in biomass. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Ehrman T. 1996a. NREL analytical procedure: LAP001 standard method for determination of total solids in biomass. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Ehrman T. 1996b. NREL analytical procedure: LAP004 determination of acid-soluble lignin in biomass. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Esteghlalian AR, Srivastava V, Gilkes N, Gregg DJ, Saddler JN. 2001. An overview of factors influencing the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose feedstocks. In: HimmelME, BakerJO, SaddlerJN, editors. ACS Symposium Series 769 (Glycosyl hydrolases for biomass conversion). Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p 100–111.
  • Esterbauer H, Hayn M, Abuja PM, Claeyessens M. 1991. Structure of cellulolytic enzymes. In: LeathanGF, HimmelME, editors. ACS Symposium Series 460 (Enzymes in biomass conversion). Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p 301–312.
  • Gardner KH, Blackwell J. 1974. Structure of native cellulose. Biopolymers 13: 1975–2001.
    Direct Link:
  • Gong CS, Ladisch MR, Tsao GT. 1977. Cellobiase from Trichoderma viride: Purification properties, kinetics and mechanism. Biotechnol Bioeng 19: 959–981.
    Direct Link:
  • Gong CS, Ladisch MR, Tsao GT. 1979. Biosynthesis, purification and mode of action of cellulases Tricoderma reesei. In: BrownR, JurasekL, editors. Advances in Chemistry Series 181 (Hydrolysis of cellulose: Mechanisms of enzymatic and acid catalysis). Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p 261–287.
  • Grethlein HE. 1985. The effect of pore size distribution on the rate of enzymic hydrolysis of cellulosic substrates. Biotechnology 3: 155–160.
  • Grethlein HE, Allen DC, Converse AO. 1984. A comparative study of the enzymatic hydrolysis of acid-pretreated whitepine and mixed hardwood. Biotechnol Bioeng 26: 1498–1505.
    Direct Link:
  • Gulati M, Kohlmann KL, Ladisch MR, Hespell R, Bothast RJ. 1996. Assessment of ethanol production options for corn products. Biores Technol 58: 253–264.
  • Hatzis C, Riley C, Philippidis GP. 1996. Detailed material balance and ethanol yield calculations for the biomass-to-ethanol conversion process. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 57/58: 443–459.
  • Hettenhaus J. 2002. Talking about corn stover with Jim Hettenhaus. The Carbohydrate Economy, a publication of the Institute for Local Self-Reliance. 4 (2): 1, 8–11.
  • Hong J, Ladisch MR, Gong CS, Wankat PC, Tsao GT. 1981. Combined product and substrate inhibition equation for cellobiase. Biotechnol Bioeng 23: 2779–2788.
    Direct Link:
  • Kohlmann KL, Westgate PJ, Sarikaya A, Velayudhan A, Weil J, Hendrickson RL, Ladisch MR. 1995. Enhanced enzyme activities on hydrated lignocellulosic substrate. In: SaddlerJN, PennerMH, editors. ACS Symposium Series 618 (Enzymatic degradation of insoluble carbohydrates). Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p 237–255.
  • Kohlmann KL, Westgate PJ, Velayudhan A, Weil J, Sarikaya A, Brewer MA, Hendrickson RL, Ladisch MR. 1996. Enzyme conversion of lignocellulosic plant materials for resource recovery in a controlled ecological life support system. Adv Space Res 18(1/2): 251–265.
  • Ladisch MR. 1989. Hydrolysis. In: HallCW, KitaniO, editors. Biomass Handbook. London: Gordon and Breach. p 434–451.
  • Ladisch MR, Svarczkopf JA. 1991. Ethanol production and cost of fermentable sugars from biomass. Biores Technol 36: 83–95.
  • Ladisch MR, Gong CS, Tsao GT. 1977. Corn crop residues as a potential source of single cell protein: Kinetics of T. viride cellobiase action. Dev Ind Microbiol Ser 18: 157–168.
  • Ladisch MR, Ladisch CM, Tsao GT. 1978. Cellulose to sugars: New path gives quantitative yield. Science 201: 743–745.
  • Ladisch MR, Hong J, Voloch M, Tsao GT. 1981. Cellulase kinetics. In: HollaenderA, RabsonR, RogersP, PietroAS, ValentineR, WolfeR, editors. Basic Life Science 18 (Trends Biol Ferment Fuels Chem). New York: Plenum Press. p 55–83.
  • Ladisch MR, Kohlmann K, Westgate P, Weil J, Yang Y. 1988. Processes for treating cellulosic material. US patent 5,846,787.
  • Ladisch MR, Lin KW, Voloch M, Tsao GT. 1983. Process considerations in enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. Enzyme Microb Technol 5: 82–102.
  • Ladisch MR, Waugh L, Westgate P, Kohlmann K, Hendrickson RL, Yang Y, Ladisch CM. 1992. Intercalation in the pretreatment of cellulose. In: LadischMR, BoseB, editors. Harnessing biotechnology for the 21st Century (Proc. Int. Biotechnol. Symp. Expo., 9th). Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p 510–518.
  • Lin KW, Ladisch MR, Schaefer D, Noller CH, Lechtenberg V, Tsao GT. 1981. Review on effect of pretreatment on digestibility of cellulosic materials. AIChE Symp Ser 77: 102–106.
  • Lin KW, Ladisch MR, Voloch M, Patterson JA, Noller CH. 1985. Effect of pretreatments and fermentation on pore size in cellulosic materials. Biotechnol Bioeng 27: 1427–1433.
    Direct Link:
  • Lin JK, Ladisch MR, Patterson JA, Noller CH. 1987. Determining pore size distribution in wet cellulose by measuring solute exclusion using a differential refractometer. Biotechnol Bioeng 29: 976–981.
    Direct Link:
  • Mielenz JR. 2001. Ethanol production from biomass: Technology and commercialization status. Curr Opin Microbiol 4: 324–329.
  • Mosier NS, Hall P, Ladisch CM, Ladisch MR. 1999. Reaction kinetics, molecular action, and mechanisms of cellulolytic proteins. Adv Biochem Eng/Biotechnol 65: 23–40.
  • Mosier N, Hendrickson R, Ho N, Sedlak M, Ladisch MR. 2005a. Optimization of pH controlled liquid hot water pretreatment of corn stover. Biores Technol 96: 1986–1993.
  • Mosier NS, Wyman CE, Dale BE, Elander R, Holtzapple M, Ladisch MR. 2005b. Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Biores Technol 96: 673–686.
  • Nagle NJ, Elander RT, Newman MM, Rohrback BT, Ruiz RO, Torget RW. 2002. Efficacy of a hot washing process for pretreated yellow poplar to enhance bioethanol production. Biotechnol Prog 18: 734–738.
    Direct Link:
  • O'sullivan AC. 1997. Cellulose: The structure slowly unravels. Cellulose 4: 173–207.
  • Perlack RD, Wright LL, Turhollow AF, Grainham RL. Stokes BJ, Erbach DC. 2005. Biomass as feedstock for a bioenergy and bioproduct industry: The technical feasibility of a billion-ton annual supply. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/final_billionton_vision_report2.pdf (accessed 11/21/2006).
  • Reese ET, Siu RGH, Levinson HS. 1950. The biological degradation of soluble cellulose derivatives and its relationship to the mechanism of cellulose hydrolysis. J Bacteriol 59: 485–497.
  • Ruiz R, Ehrman T. 1996a. NREL Analytical procedure: LAP002 determination of carbohydrates in biomass by high performance. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Ruiz R, Ehrman T. 1996b. NREL analytical procedure: LAP014 dilute acid hydrolysis procedure for determination of total sugars in the liquid fractions of process samples. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Saha BC, Bothast RJ. 1999. Pretreatment and enzyme saccharification of corn fiber. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 76: 65–77.
  • Schulz L, Seger B, Burchard W. 2000. Structure of cellulose in solution. Macromol Chem Phys 201: 2008–2022.
    Direct Link:
  • Sheehan J, Aden A, Paustian K, Killian K, Brenner J, Walsh M, Nelson R. 2004. Energy and environmental aspects of using corn stover for fuel ethanol. J Ind Ecol 7(3-4): 117–146.
    Direct Link:
  • Stone JE, Scallan AM, Donefer E, Ahlgren E. 1969. Digestibility as a simple function of molecule of similar size to a cellulase enzyme. In: GouldRF, editor. Advances in Chemistry Series 95 (Cellulases and their Application). Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p 219–241.
  • Templeton D, Ehrman T. 1995. NREL analytical procedure: LAP003 determination of acid-insoluble lignin in biomass. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Varga E, Reczey K, Zacchi G. 2004. Optimization of steam pretreatment of corn stover to enhance enzymatic digestibility. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 113–116: 509–523.
  • Voloch M, Ladisch MR, Bienkowski P, Tsao GT. 1984. Bioutilization of cereal lignocellulose. In: RasperVF, editor. Cereal polysaccharides in technology and nutrition. St. Paul, MN: The American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc. p 103–125.
  • Weil JR, Brewer MA, Hendrickson RL, Sarikaya A, Ladisch MR. 1998a. Continuous pH monitoring during pretreatment of yellow poplar wood sawdust by pressure-cooking in water. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 70-72: 99–111.
  • Weil JR, Sarikaya A, Rau S-L, Goetz J, Ladisch CM, Brewer MA, Hendrickson RL, Ladisch MR. 1998b. Pretreatment of corn fiber by pressure cooking in water. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 73: 1–17.
  • Wood TM, McCrae SI. 1979. Synergism between enzymes involved in the solubilization of native cellulose. In: BrownR, JurasekL, editors. Advances in Chemistry Series 181 (Hydrolysis of cellulose: Mechanisms of enzymatic and acid catalysis). Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p 181–209.
  • Wu Z, Lee YY. 1997. Ammonia recycled percolation as a complementary pretreatment to the dilute-acid process. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 63–65: 21–34.
  • Wyman CE. 1996. Hand book on bioethanol: Production and utilization. Washington DC: Taylor & Francis. 550p.
  • Wyman CE, Dale BE, Elander RT, Holtzapple M, Ladisch MR, Lee YY. 2005. Coordinated development of leading biomass pretreatment technologies. Biores Technol 96: 1959–1966.
Get PDF (742K)