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Keywords:

  • cycloisomerization;
  • gallium;
  • heterocyclic carbenes;
  • homogeneous catalysis;
  • Lewis acids
Thumbnail image of graphical abstract

Ga-neration X: Well-defined neutral and cationic gallium(III) halide complexes have been synthesized and evaluated in catalysis. Both the (NHC)GaX3/AgSbF6 catalytic mixture and isolated (NHC)GaX2+ species function as exquisite π-Lewis acids in typical GaX3-catalyzed reactions (see scheme). The cationic complexes are more active than GaX3 and yet more resistant to hydrolysis, which allows lower catalytic loadings and faster reactions.