Fax: (011) 81 92 865 4114
Original Article
You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article
K-ras mutation in tamoxifen-related endometrial polyps
Article first published online: 22 SEP 2003
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11728
Copyright © 2003 American Cancer Society
Additional Information
How to Cite
Hachisuga, T., Miyakawa, T., Tsujioka, H., Horiuchi, S., Emoto, M. and Kawarabayashi, T. (2003), K-ras mutation in tamoxifen-related endometrial polyps. Cancer, 98: 1890–1897. doi: 10.1002/cncr.11728
Publication History
- Issue published online: 22 OCT 2003
- Article first published online: 22 SEP 2003
- Manuscript Accepted: 24 JUL 2003
- Manuscript Revised: 14 JUL 2003
- Manuscript Received: 10 APR 2003
Funded by
- Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan. Grant Number: 11671663
REFERENCES
- 1, , , . A realistic clinical perspective of tamoxifen and endometrial carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer. 1996; 32: 1464–1476.
- 2, , , et al. Adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast cancer: occurrence of new primary cancers. Lancet. 1989; 1: 117–120.
- 3, , , , , . Endometrial cancer in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients: findings from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Projects (NSABP) B-14. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994; 86: 527–537.
- 4, , , , , . Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for early stage breast cancer and second primary malignancies. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995; 87: 645–651.
- 5, , , et al. Risk and prognosis of endometrial cancer after tamoxifen for breast cancer. Lancet. 2000; 36: 881–887.
- 6, , , , , . Endometrial histopathology in 700 patients treated with tamoxifen for breast cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2000; 78: 181–196.
- 7, , , , , . Alterations in steroid hormone receptors in the tamoxifen-treated endometrium. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997; 176: 129–137.
- 8, , , , , . Expression of steroid receptors, Ki-67, and epidermal growth factor receptor in tamoxifen-treated endometrium. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1999; 18: 297–303.
- 9, , , , . The effect of tamoxifen on proliferation and steroid receptor expression in postmenopausal endometrium. J Clin Pathol. 2002; 55: 514–519.
- 10, , . Malignant neoplasms of the uterine corpus in patients treated for breast carcinoma: the effects of tamoxifen. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1994; 13: 248–258.
- 11. Pathology of endometrium treated with tamoxifen. J Clin Pathol. 1994; 47: 827–833.
- 12
- 13, , , , . Presence of estrogen receptor beta in the human endometrium through the cycle: expression in glandular, stromal, and vascular cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 86: 1379–1386.
- 14, , , et al. Differential ligand activation of estrogen receptors ER alpha and ER beta at AP1 sites. Science. 1997; 277: 1508–1510.
- 15, , , et al. Activation of the estrogen receptor through phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase. Science. 1995; 270: 1491–1494.
- 16, , , et al. Phosphorylation of human estrogen receptor alpha at serine 118 by two distinct signal transduction pathways revealed by phosphorylation-specific antisera. Oncogene. 2002; 21; 4921–4931.
- 17, , , et al. Tamoxifen regulates human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene expression differently in breast and endometrial cancer cells. Oncogene. 2002; 21: 3517–3524.
- 18, , . Mutagenic potential of alpha-(N2-deoxyguanosinyl) tamoxifen lesions, the major DNA adducts detected in endometrial tissues of patients treated with tamoxifen. Cancer Res. 1999; 59: 2091–2095.
- 19, , , et al. Preferential DNA damage and poor repair determine ras gene mutational hotspot in human cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002; 94: 1527–1536.
- 20, , , et al. DNA adducts, genetic polymorphisms, and K-ras mutation in human pancreatic cancer. Mutat Res. 2002; 513: 37–48.
- 21, , , et al. Clonal analysis and mutations in the PTEN and the K-ras genes in endometrial hyperplasia. Diagn Mol Pathol. 2002; 11: 204–211.
- 22, , , et al. Mutation of Ki-ras protooncogene in human endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1993; 53: 1906–1910.
- 23, , , . K-ras mutations appear in the premalignant phase of both microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial carcinogenesis. Mol Pathol. 1999; 52: 257–262.
- 24, , , , . K-ras mutations in endometrial carcinomas with microsatellite instability. J Pathol. 2001; 193: 193–199.Direct Link:
- 25, , , , . The frequency of p53, K-ras mutations, and microsatellite instability differs in uterine endometrioid and serous carcinoma. Evidence of distinct molecular genetic pathways. Cancer. 2000; 88: 814–824.Direct Link:
- 26, , . Detection of K-ras mutation in sputum by mutant-allele-specific amplification (MASA). Hum Mutat. 1993; 2: 112–117.Direct Link:
- 27, , , . Allele-specific enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic DNA for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989; 86: 2757–2760.
- 28, , , et al. Multiple K-ras mutations in hyperplasia and carcinoma in cases of human pancreatic carcinoma. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1999; 90: 841–848.
- 29, , , et al. Multiple K-ras codon 12 mutations in cholangiocarcinomas demonstrated with a sensitive polymerase chain reaction technique. Cancer Res. 1991; 51: 3497–3502.
- 30, , , . Heterogeneity of progesterone receptors A and B expression in human endometrial glands and stroma. Hum Reprod. 2000; 15 Suppl 3: 48–56.
- 31, , . Regions of H- and K-ras that provide organ specificity/potency in mammary cancer induction. Cancer Res. 2002; 62: 1241–1245.
- 32, , , et al. Tamoxifen causes gene mutations in the livers of lambda/lacI transgenic rats. Cancer Res. 1997; 57: 1288–1293.
- 33, , , et al. DNA adducts formed from 4-hydroxytamoxifen are more mutagenic than those formed by alpha-acetoxytamoxifen in a shuttle vector target gene replicated in human Ad293 cells. Biochemistry. 2002; 41: 8899–8906.
- 34, , , et al. Inactivation of the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase by promoter hypermethylation is associated with G to A mutations in K-ras in colorectal tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 2000; 60: 2368–2371.

1097-0142/asset/olbannerleft.gif?v=1&s=ca681f5719430b26e1bc15e9ea4c9fc0a7110104)
1097-0142/asset/olbannerright.gif?v=1&s=8142566facf7e76aef9be6c51162a2e920b3b9f9)
1097-0142/asset/cover.gif?v=1&s=a7299bc18f075294c232ade468773cd0672bd470)