SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

REFERENCES

  • 1
    Tomera KM, Farrow GM, Lieber MM. Sarcomatoid renal carcinoma. J Urol. 1983; 130: 657659.
  • 2
    Ro JY, Ayala AG, Sella A, Samuels ML, Swanson DA. Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: clinicopathologic. A study of 42 cases. Cancer. 1987; 59: 516526.
  • 3
    Choi HR, Sturgis EM, Rosenthal DI, Luna MA, Batsakis JG, El-Naggar AK. Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the head and neck: molecular evidence for evolution and progression from conventional squamous cell carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27: 12161220.
  • 4
    Ansari-Lari MA, Hoque MO, Califano J, Westra WH. Immunohistochemical p53 expression patterns in sarcomatoid carcinomas of the upper respiratory tract. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002; 26: 10241031.
  • 5
    Shannon RL, Ro JY, Grignon DJ, Ordonez NG, Johnson DE, Mackay B, et al. Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate. A clinicopathologic study of 12 patients. Cancer. 1992; 69: 26762682.
  • 6
    Young RH, Wick MR, Mills SE. Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder. A clinicopathologic analysis of 12 cases and review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol. 1988; 90: 653661.
  • 7
    Cheville JC, Lohse CM, Zincke H, Weaver AL, Leibovich BC, Frank I, et al. Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: an examination of underlying histologic subtype and an analysis of associations with patient outcome. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004; 28: 435441.
  • 8
    de Peralta-Venturina M, Moch H, Amin M, Tamboli P, Hailemariam S, Mihatsch M, et al. Sarcomatoid differentiation in renal cell carcinoma: a study of 101 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001; 25: 275284.
  • 9
    Sella A, Logothetis CJ, Ro JY, Swanson DA, Samuels ML. Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. A treatable entity. Cancer. 1987; 60: 13131318.
  • 10
    Oda H, Machinami R. Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. A study of its proliferative activity. Cancer. 1993; 71: 22922298.
  • 11
    Kovacs G. The value of molecular genetic analysis in the diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell tumours. World J Urol. 1994; 12: 6468.
  • 12
    Knudsen A. Mutation and cancer: statistical study of retinoblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971; 68: 820823.
  • 13
    Knudsen A. Mutation and childhood cancer: a probabilistic model for the incidence of retinoblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975; 72: 51161120.
  • 14
    Knudson AG. Antioncogenes and human cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993; 90: 1091410921.
  • 15
    Nowell PC. The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations. Science. 1976; 194: 2328.
  • 16
    Chudek J, Wilhelm M, Bugert P, Herbers J, Kovacs G. Detailed microsatellite analysis of chromosome 3p region in non-papillary renal cell carcinomas. Int J Cancer. 1997; 73: 225229.
  • 17
    Zbar B, Brauch H, Talmadge C, Linehan M. Loss of alleles of loci on the short arm of chromosome 3 in renal cell carcinoma. Nature. 1987; 327: 721724.
  • 18
    Bergerheim U, Nordenskjold M, Collins VP. Deletion mapping in human renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1989; 49: 13901396.
  • 19
    Anglard P, Tory K, Brauch H, Weiss GH, Latif F, Merino MJ, et al. Molecular analysis of genetic changes in the origin and development of renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1991; 51: 10711077.
  • 20
    Greene FL, Page DL, Flemming ID, Fritz AG, Balch CM, Haller DG, et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 6th ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002.
  • 21
    Emmert-Buck MR, Bonner RF, Smith PD, Chuaqui RF, Zhuang Z, Goldstein SR, et al. Laser capture microdissection. Science. 1996; 274: 9981001.
  • 22
    Bonner RF, Emmert-Buck M, Cole K, Pohida T, Chuaqui R, Goldstein S, et al. Laser capture microdissection: molecular analysis of tissue. Science. 1997; 278: 14811483.
  • 23
    Brandli DW, Ulbright TM, Foster RS, Cummings OW, Zhang S, Sweeney CJ, et al. Stroma adjacent to metastatic mature teratoma after chemotherapy for testicular germ cell tumor is derived from the same progenitor cells as the teratoma. Cancer Res. 2003; 63: 60636068.
  • 24
    Kernek KM, Ulbright TM, Zhang S, Billings SD, Cummings OW, Henley JD, et al. Identical allelic loss in mature teratoma and different histologic components of malignant mixed germ cell tumors of the testis. Am J Pathol. 2003; 163: 24772484.
  • 25
    Wilhelm M, Bugert P, Kenck C, Staehler G, Kovacs G. Terminal deletion of chromosome 3p sequences in nonpapillary renal cell carcinomas: a breakpoint cluster between loci D3S1285 and D3S1603. Cancer Res. 1995; 55: 53835385.
  • 26
    Miyake H, Nakamura H, Hara I, Gohji K, Arakawa S, Kamidono S, et al. Multifocal renal cell carcinoma: evidence for a common clonal origin. Clin Cancer Res. 1998; 4: 24912494.
  • 27
    Goessl C, Heicappell R, Munker R, Anker P, Stroun M, Krause H, et al. Microsatellite analysis of plasma DNA from patients with clear cell renal carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1998; 58: 47284732.
  • 28
    Schraml P, Struckmann K, Bednar R, Fu W, Gasser T, Wilber K, et al. CDKNA2A mutation analysis, protein expression, and deletion mapping of chromosome 9p in conventional clear cell renal carcinomas: evidence for a second tumor suppressor gene proximal to CDKN2A. Am J Pathol. 2001; 158: 593601.
  • 29
    Schraml P, Muller D, Bednar R, Gasser T, Sauter G, Mihatsch MJ, et al. Allelic loss at the D9S171 locus on chromosome 9p13 is associated with progression of papillary renal cell carcinoma. J Pathol. 2000; 190: 457461.
  • 30
    Schoenberg M, Cairns P, Brooks JD, Marshall FF, Epstein JI, Isaacs WB, et al. Frequent loss of chromosome arms 8p and 13q in collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) of the kidney. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 1995; 12: 7680.
  • 31
    Shridhar V, Sun QC, Miller OJ, Kalemkerian GP, Petros J, Smith DI. Loss of heterozygosity on the long arm of human chromosome 7 in sporadic renal cell carcinomas. Oncogene. 1997; 15: 27272733.
  • 32
    Reiter RE, Anglard P, Liu S, Gnarra JR, Linehan WM. Chromosome 17p deletions and p53 mutations in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1993; 53: 30923097.
  • 33
    Contractor H, Zariwala M, Bugert P, Zeisler J, Kovacs G. Mutation of the p53 tumour suppressor gene occurs preferentially in the chromophobe type of renal cell tumour. J Pathol. 1997; 181: 136139.
  • 34
    Girgin C, Tarhan H, Hekimgil M, Sezer A, Gurel G. P53 mutations and other prognostic factors of renal cell carcinoma. Urol Int. 2001; 66: 7883.
  • 35
    Grady B, Goharderakhshan R, Chang J, Ribeiro-Filho LA, Perinchery G, Franks J, et al. Frequently deleted loci on chromosome 9 may harbor several tumor suppressor genes in human renal cell carcinoma. J Urol. 2001; 166: 10881092.
  • 36
    Imai Y, Strohmeyer TG, Fleischhacker M, Slamon DJ, Koeffler HP. p53 mutations and MDM-2 amplification in renal cell cancers. Mod Pathol. 1994; 7: 766770.
  • 37
    Junker K, Thrum K, Schlichter A, Muller G, Hindermann W, Schubert J. Clonal origin of multifocal renal cell carcinoma as determined by microsatellite analysis. J Urol. 2002; 168: 26322636.
  • 38
    Willers CP, Siebert R, Bardenheuer W, Lux A, Michaelis S, Seeber S, et al. Genetic instability of 3p12–p21-specific microsatellite sequences in renal cell carcinoma. Br J Urol. 1996; 77: 524529.
  • 39
    Fullwood P, Marchini S, Rader JS, Martinez A, Macartney D, Broggini M, et al. Detailed genetic and physical mapping of tumor suppressor loci on chromosome 3p in ovarian cancer. Cancer Res. 1999; 59: 46624667.
  • 40
    Levine AJ, Momand J, Finlay CA. The p53 tumour suppressor gene. Nature. 1991; 351: 453456.
  • 41
    Cheng L, Shan A, Cheville JC, Qian J, Bostwick DG. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the prostate: a premalignant lesion? Cancer Res. 1998; 58: 389391.
  • 42
    Cheng L, Song SY, Pretlow TG, Abdul-Karim FW, Kung HJ, Dawson DV, et al. Evidence of independent origin of multiple tumors from patients with prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998; 90: 233237.
  • 43
    Cheng L, Bostwick DG, Li G, Wang Q, Hu N, Vortmeyer AO, et al. Allelic imbalance in the clonal evolution of prostate carcinoma. Cancer. 1999; 85: 20172022.
  • 44
    Cheng L, Gu J, Eble JN, Bostwick DG, Younger C, MacLennan GT, et al. Molecular genetic evidence for different clonal origin of components of human renal angiomyolipomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001; 25: 12311236.
  • 45
    Gu J, Roth LM, Younger C, Michael H, Abdul-Karim FW, Zhang S, et al. Molecular evidence for the independent origin of extra-ovarian papillary serous tumors of low malignant potential. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001; 93: 11471152.
  • 46
    Emerson RE, Ulbright TM, Zhang S, Foster RS, Eble JN, Cheng L. Nephroblastoma arising in a germ cell tumor of testicular origin. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004; 28: 687692.
  • 47
    McCarthy RP, Zhang S, Bostwick DG, Qian J, Eble JN, Wang M, et al. Molecular genetic evidence for different clonal origins of epithelial and stromal components of phyllodes tumor of the prostate. Am J Pathol. 2004; 4: 13951400.
  • 48
    Cheng L, MacLennan GT, Zhang S, Wang M, Pan CX, Koch MO. Laser capture microdissection analysis reveals frequent allelic losses in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential of the urinary bladder. Cancer. 2004; 101: 183188.
  • 49
    Cheng L, Gu J, Ulbright TM, MacLennan GT, Sweeney CJ, Zhang S, et al. e microdissection of human bladder carcinomas reveals divergent tumor subclones in the same tumor. Cancer. 2002; 94: 104110.
  • 50
    Paterson RF, Ulbright TM, MacLennan GT, Zhang S, Pan C, Sweeney C, et al. Molecular genetic alterations in the laser-capture microdissected stroma adjacent to bladder carcinoma. Cancer. 2003; 98: 18301836.
  • 51
    Oda H, Nakatsuru Y, Ishikawa T. Mutations of the p53 gene and p53 protein overexpression are associated with sarcomatoid transformation in renal cell carcinomas. Cancer Res. 1995; 55: 658662.
  • 52
    Diaz-Cano SJ, Blanes A, Wolfe HJ. PCR techniques for clonality assays. Diagn Mol Pathol. 2001; 10: 2433.
  • 53
    Grady WM. Genomic instability and colon cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2004; 23: 1127.
  • 54
    Grady WM, Markowitz SD. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in colon cancer. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2002; 3: 101128.
  • 55
    Lin YM, Furukawa Y, Tsunoda T, Yue CT, Yang KC, Nakamura Y. Molecular diagnosis of colorectal tumors by expression profiles of 50 genes expressed differentially in adenomas and carcinomas. Oncogene. 2002; 21: 41204128.
  • 56
    Sedivy R, Wolf B, Kalipciyan M, Steger GG, Karner-Hanusch J, Mader RM. Genetic analysis of multiple synchronous lesions of the colon adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Br J Cancer. 2000; 82: 12761282.
  • 57
    Allen RC, Zoghbi HY, Moseley AB, Rosenblatt HM, Belmont JW. Methylation of HpaII and HhaI sites near the polymorphic CAG repeat in the human androgen-receptor gene correlates with X chromosome inactivation. Am J Hum Genet. 1992; 51: 12291239.
  • 58
    Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, Feinberg AP. Use of restriction fragment length polymorphisms to determine the clonal origin of human tumors. Science. 1985; 227: 642645.
  • 59
    Buller RE, Sood AK, Lallas T, Buekers T, Skilling JS. Association between nonrandom X-chromosome inactivation and BRCA1 mutation in germline DNA of patients with ovarian cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999; 91: 339346.
  • 60
    Enomoto T, Fujita M, Inoue M, Tanizawa O, Nomura T, Shroyer KR. Analysis of clonality by amplification of short tandem repeats. Carcinomas of the female reproductive tract. Diagn Mol Pathol. 1994; 3: 292297.
  • 61
    Guo Z, Thunberg U, Sallstrom J, Wilander E, Ponten J. Clonality analysis of cervical cancer on microdissected archival materials by PCR-based X-chromosome inactivation approach. Int J Oncol. 1998; 12: 13271332.
  • 62
    Kattar MM, Kupsky WJ, Shimoyama RK, Vo TD, Olson MW, Bargar GR, et al. Clonal analysis of gliomas. Hum Pathol. 1997; 28: 11661179.
  • 63
    Mashal RD, Lester SC, Sklar J. Clonal analysis by study of X chromosome inactivation in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Cancer Res. 1993; 53: 46764679.
  • 64
    Gartler SM, Goldman MA. Reactivation of inactive X-linked genes. Dev Genet. 1994; 15: 504514.
  • 65
    Razin A, Cedar H. DNA methylation and genomic imprinting. Cell. 1994; 77: 473476.
  • 66
    Jones PA, Buckley JD. The role of DNA methylation in cancer. Adv Cancer Res. 1990; 54: 123.
  • 67
    McBurney MW. X chromosome inactivation: the feminine mystique continues. Bioessays. 1993; 15: 825826.
  • 68
    Panning B, Dausman J, Jaenisch R. X chromosome inactivation is mediated by Xist RNA stabilization. Cell. 1997; 90: 907916.
  • 69
    Razin A, Cedar H. DNA methylation and gene expression. Microbiol Rev. 1991; 55: 451458.