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Prospective study of adiposity and weight change in relation to prostate cancer incidence and mortality†‡

  1. Margaret E. Wright PhD1,§,¶,*,
  2. Shih-Chen Chang PhD1,§,
  3. Arthur Schatzkin MD, DrPH1,
  4. Demetrius Albanes MD1,
  5. Victor Kipnis PhD2,
  6. Traci Mouw MPH1,
  7. Paul Hurwitz MPH3,
  8. Albert Hollenbeck PhD4,
  9. Michael F. Leitzmann MD, DrPH1

Article first published online: 8 JAN 2007

DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22443

Issue

Cancer

Cancer

Volume 109, Issue 4, pages 675–684, 15 February 2007

Additional Information

How to Cite

Wright, M. E., Chang, S.-C., Schatzkin, A., Albanes, D., Kipnis, V., Mouw, T., Hurwitz, P., Hollenbeck, A. and Leitzmann, M. F. (2007), Prospective study of adiposity and weight change in relation to prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Cancer, 109: 675–684. doi: 10.1002/cncr.22443

Author Information

  1. 1

    Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland

  2. 2

    Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland

  3. 3

    Westat, Inc., Rockville, Maryland

  4. 4

    AARP, Washington, DC

  1. §

    The first 2 authors contributed equally to this work.

  2. Fax: (312) 996-7586.

*Department of Pathology MC847, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 South Wood Street, Room 130 CSN, Chicago, IL 60612

  1. †

    This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.

  2. ‡

    Cancer incidence data from the Atlanta metropolitan area were collected by the Georgia Center for Cancer Statistics, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; from California by the California Department of Health Services, Cancer Surveillance Section; from the Detroit metropolitan area by the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program, Community Health Administration, State of Michigan; from Florida by the Florida Cancer Data System under contract to the Department of Health (DOH), and the views expressed herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the contractor or DOH; from Louisiana by the Louisiana Tumor Registry, Louisiana State University Medical Center in New Orleans; from New Jersey by the New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology Services, New Jersey State Department of Health and Senior Services; from North Carolina by the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry; from Pennsylvania by the Division of Health Statistics and Research, Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and the Pennsylvania Department of Health specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 2 FEB 2007
  2. Article first published online: 8 JAN 2007
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 11 NOV 2006
  4. Manuscript Revised: 10 NOV 2006
  5. Manuscript Received: 19 SEP 2006

Funded by

  • Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute

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Keywords:

  • adiposity;
  • body mass index;
  • cohort study;
  • prostate cancer;
  • weight change

In a prospective study of 287,760 men who participated in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, body mass index was inversely associated with incident prostate cancer. Conversely, body mass index and adult weight gain were associated both positively and significantly with prostate cancer mortality.

Abstract

BACKGROUND.

Adiposity has been linked inconsistently with prostate cancer, and few studies have evaluated whether such associations vary by disease aggressiveness.

METHODS.

The authors prospectively examined body mass index (BMI) and adult weight change in relation to prostate cancer incidence and mortality in 287,760 men ages 50 years to 71 years at enrollment (1995–1996) in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study. At baseline, participants completed questionnaires regarding height, weight, and cancer screening practices, including digital rectal examinations and prostate-specific antigen tests. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

RESULTS.

In total, 9986 incident prostate cancers were identified during 5 years of follow-up, and 173 prostate cancer deaths were ascertained during 6 years of follow-up. In multivariate models, higher baseline BMI was associated with significantly reduced total prostate cancer incidence, largely because of the relationship with localized tumors (for men in the highest BMI category [≥40 kg/m2] vs men in the lowest BMI category [<25 kg/m2]: RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.89; P = .0006). Conversely, a significant elevation in prostate cancer mortality was observed at higher BMI levels (BMI <25 kg/m2: RR, 1.0 [referent group]; BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2: RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.87–1.80; BMI 30–34.9 kg/m2: RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.92–2.33; and BMI ≥35 kg/m2: RR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.08–4.15; P = .02). Adult weight gain from age 18 years to baseline also was associated positively with fatal prostate cancer (P = .009), but not with incident disease.

CONCLUSIONS.

Although adiposity was not related positively to prostate cancer incidence, higher BMI and adult weight gain increased the risk of dying from prostate cancer. Cancer 2007. Published 2007 by the American Cancer Society.

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