SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

REFERENCES

  • 1
    World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, nutrition and prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington, DC: American Institute for Cancer Research; 1997.
  • 2
    Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. A comparison of prospective and retrospective assessments of diet in the study of breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 1993; 137: 502511.
  • 3
    Friedenreich CM, Howe GR, Miller AB. The effect of recall bias on the association of calorie-providing nutrients and breast cancer. Epidemiology. 1991; 2: 424429.
  • 4
    Prentice RL, Caan B, Chlebowski RT, et al. Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of invasive breast cancer: the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial. JAMA. 2006; 295: 629642.
  • 5
    Willett W. Nutritional Epidemiology. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 1998.
  • 6
    Michels KB, Bingham SA, Luben R, Welch AA, Day NE. The effect of correlated measurement error in multivariate models of diet. Am J Epidemiol. 2004; 160: 5967.
  • 7
    Michels K, Schulze M. Can dietary patterns help us detect diet-disease associations? Nutr Res Rev. 2005; 18: 241248.
  • 8
    Witte JS, Greenland S, Haile RW, Bird CL. Hierarchical regression analysis applied to a study of multiple dietary exposures and breast cancer. Epidemiology. 1994; 5: 612621.
  • 9
    Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, et al. Alcohol and breast cancer in women: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. JAMA. 1998; 279: 535540.
  • 10
    Byrne C, Ursin G, Ziegler RG. A comparison of food habit and food frequency data as predictors of breast cancer in the NHANES I/NHEFS cohort. J Nutr. 1996; 126: 27572764.
  • 11
    Sieri S, Krogh V, Muti P, et al. Fat and protein intake and subsequent breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer. 2002; 42: 1017.
  • 12
    Barrett-Connor E, Friedlander NJ. Dietary fat, calories, and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: a prospective population-based study. J Am Coll Nutr. 1993; 12: 390399.
  • 13
    Cho E, Spiegelman D, Hunter DJ, et al. Premenopausal fat intake and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003; 95: 10791085.
  • 14
    Gaard M, Tretli S, Loken EB. Dietary fat and the risk of breast cancer: a prospective study of 25,892 Norwegian women. Int J Cancer. 1995; 63: 1317.
  • 15
    Gago-Dominguez M, Yuan JM, Sun CL, Lee HP, Yu MC. Opposing effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on mammary carcinogenesis: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Br J Cancer. 2003; 89: 16861692.
  • 16
    Graham S, Zielezny M, Marshall J, et al. Diet in the epidemiology of postmenopausal breast cancer in the New York State Cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 1992; 136: 13271337.
  • 17
    Holmes MD, Hunter DJ, Colditz GA, et al. Association of dietary intake of fat and fatty acids with risk of breast cancer. JAMA. 1999; 281: 914920.
  • 18
    Horn-Ross PL, Hoggatt KJ, West DW, et al. Recent diet and breast cancer risk: the California Teachers Study (USA). Cancer Causes Control. 2002; 13: 407415.
  • 19
    Howe GR, Friedenreich CM, Jain M, Miller AB. A cohort study of fat intake and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1991; 83: 336340.
  • 20
    Jones DY, Schatzkin A, Green SB, et al. Dietary fat and breast cancer in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987; 79: 465471.
  • 21
    Knekt P, Albanes D, Seppanen R, et al. Dietary fat and risk of breast cancer. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990; 52: 903908.
  • 22
    Kushi LH, Sellers TA, Potter JD, et al. Dietary fat and postmenopausal breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1992; 84: 10921099.
  • 23
    Mattisson I, Wirfalt E, Wallstrom P, Gullberg B, Olsson H, Berglund G. High fat and alcohol intakes are risk factors of postmenopausal breast cancer: a prospective study from the Malmo diet and cancer cohort. Int J Cancer. 2004; 110: 589597.
  • 24
    Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. Dietary habits and breast cancer incidence among Seventh-day Adventists. Cancer. 1989; 64: 582590.
  • 25
    Toniolo P, Riboli E, Shore RE, Pasternack BS. Consumption of meat, animal products, protein, and fat and risk of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study in New York. Epidemiology. 1994; 5: 391397.
  • 26
    Velie E, Kulldorff M, Schairer C, Block G, Albanes D, Schatzkin A. Dietary fat, fat subtypes, and breast cancer in postmenopausal women: a prospective cohort study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000; 92: 833839.
  • 27
    Voorrips LE, Brants HA, Kardinaal AF, Hiddink GJ, van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA. Intake of conjugated linoleic acid, fat, and other fatty acids in relation to postmenopausal breast cancer: the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002; 76: 873882.
  • 28
    Wolk A, Bergstrom R, Hunter D, et al. A prospective study of association of monounsaturated fat and other types of fat with risk of breast cancer. Arch Intern Med. 1998; 158: 4145.
  • 29
    Boyd NF, Martin LJ, Noffel M, Lockwood GA, Trichler DL. A meta-analysis of studies of dietary fat and breast cancer risk. Br J Cancer. 1993; 68: 627636.
  • 30
    Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Adami HO, et al. Types of dietary fat and breast cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. Int J Cancer. 2001; 92: 767774.
  • 31
    Key TJ, Sharp GB, Appleby PN, et al. Soya foods and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. Br J Cancer. 1999; 81: 12481256.
  • 32
    Rohan TE, Howe GR, Friedenreich CM, Jain M, Miller AB. Dietary fiber, vitamins A, C, and E, and risk of breast cancer: a cohort study. Cancer Causes Control. 1993; 4: 2937.
  • 33
    Shibata A, Paganini-Hill A, Ross RK, Henderson BE. Intake of vegetables, fruits, beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin supplements and cancer incidence among the elderly: a prospective study. Br J Cancer. 1992; 66: 673679.
  • 34
    van Gils CH, Peeters PH, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, et al. Consumption of vegetables and fruits and risk of breast cancer. JAMA. 2005; 293: 183193.
  • 35
    Verhoeven DT, Assen N, Goldbohm RA, et al. Vitamins C and E, retinol, beta-carotene and dietary fibre in relation to breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Br J Cancer. 1997; 75: 149155.
  • 36
    Zhang S, Hunter DJ, Forman MR, et al. Dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999; 91: 547556.
  • 37
    Gandini S, Merzenich H, Robertson C, Boyle P. Meta-analysis of studies on breast cancer risk and diet: the role of fruit and vegetable consumption and the intake of associated micronutrients. Eur J Cancer. 2000; 36: 636646.
  • 38
    Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, et al. Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of breast cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. JAMA. 2001; 285: 769776.
  • 39
    Higginbotham S, Zhang ZF, Lee IM, Cook NR, Buring JE, Liu S. Dietary glycemic load and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004; 13: 6570.
  • 40
    Holmes MD, Liu S, Hankinson SE, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Willett WC. Dietary carbohydrates, fiber, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2004; 159: 732739.
  • 41
    Jonas CR, McCullough ML, Teras LR, Walker-Thurmond KA, Thun MJ, Calle EE. Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of incident breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003; 12: 573577.
  • 42
    Nielsen TG, Olsen A, Christensen J, Overvad K, Tjonneland A. Dietary carbohydrate intake is not associated with the breast cancer incidence rate ratio in postmenopausal Danish women. J Nutr. 2005; 135: 124128.
  • 43
    Silvera SA, Jain M, Howe GR, Miller AB, Rohan TE. Dietary carbohydrates and breast cancer risk: a prospective study of the roles of overall glycemic index and glycemic load. Int J Cancer. 2005; 114: 653658.
  • 44
    Cho E, Spiegelman D, Hunter DJ, et al. Premenopausal intakes of vitamins A, C, and E, folate, and carotenoids, and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003; 12: 713720.
  • 45
    Terry P, Jain M, Miller AB, Howe GR, Rohan TE. Dietary carotenoids and risk of breast cancer. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002; 76: 883888.
  • 46
    Kushi LH, Fee RM, Sellers TA, Zheng W, Folsom AR. Intake of vitamins A, C, and E and postmenopausal breast cancer. The Iowa Women's Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1996; 144: 165174.
  • 47
    Michels KB, Holmberg L, Bergkvist L, Ljung H, Bruce A, Wolk A. Dietary antioxidant vitamins, retinol, and breast cancer incidence in a cohort of Swedish women. Int J Cancer. 2001; 91: 563567.
  • 48
    Nissen SB, Tjonneland A, Stripp C, et al. Intake of vitamins A, C, and E from diet and supplements and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control. 2003; 14: 695704.
  • 49
    Hjartaker A, Laake P, Lund E. Childhood and adult milk consumption and risk of premenopausal breast cancer in a cohort of 48,844 women—the Norwegian women and cancer study. Int J Cancer. 2001; 93: 888893.
  • 50
    Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Seppanen R, Pukkala E, Aromaa A. Intake of dairy products and the risk of breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1996; 73: 687691.
  • 51
    Shin MH, Holmes MD, Hankinson SE, Wu K, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Intake of dairy products, calcium, and vitamin D and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002; 94: 13011311.
  • 52
    Ursin G, Bjelke E, Heuch I, Vollset SE. Milk consumption and cancer incidence: a Norwegian prospective study. Br J Cancer. 1990; 61: 456459.
  • 53
    John EM, Schwartz GG, Dreon DM, Koo J. Vitamin D and breast cancer risk: the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study, 1971–1975 to 1992. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999; 8: 399406.
  • 54
    Hirayama T. Life-style and Mortality. Vol. 6. Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger; 1990.
  • 55
    Keinan-Boker L, van Der Schouw YT, Grobbee DE, Peeters PH. Dietary phytoestrogens and breast cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79: 282288.
  • 56
    Yamamoto S, Sobue T, Kobayashi M, Sasaki S, Tsugane S. Soy, isoflavones, and breast cancer risk in Japan. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003; 95: 906913.
  • 57
    Nagano J, Kono S, Preston DL, Mabuchi K. A prospective study of green tea consumption and cancer incidence, Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Japan). Cancer Causes Control. 2001; 12: 501508.
  • 58
    Suzuki Y, Tsubono Y, Nakaya N, Suzuki Y, Koizumi Y, Tsuji I. Green tea and the risk of breast cancer: pooled analysis of two prospective studies in Japan. Br J Cancer. 2004; 90: 13611363.
  • 59
    Yuan JM, Koh WP, Sun CL, Lee HP, Yu MC. Green tea intake, ACE gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk among Chinese women in Singapore. Carcinogenesis. 2005; 26: 13891394.
  • 60
    Knekt P, Steineck G, Jarvinen R, Hakulinen T, Aromaa A. Intake of fried meat and risk of cancer: a follow-up study in Finland. Int J Cancer. 1994; 59: 756760.
  • 61
    Chajes V, Hulten K, Van Kappel AL, et al. Fatty-acid composition in serum phospholipids and risk of breast cancer: an incident case-control study in Sweden. Int J Cancer. 1999; 83: 585590.
  • 62
    Wirfalt E, Vessby B, Mattisson I, Gullberg B, Olsson H, Berglund G. No relations between breast cancer risk and fatty acids of erythrocyte membranes in postmenopausal women of the Malmo Diet Cancer cohort (Sweden). Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004; 58: 761770.
  • 63
    Pala V, Krogh V, Muti P, et al. Erythrocyte membrane fatty acids and subsequent breast cancer: a prospective Italian study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001; 93: 10881095.
  • 64
    Saadatian-Elahi M, Toniolo P, Ferrari P, et al. Serum fatty acids and risk of breast cancer in a nested case-control study of the New York University Women's Health Study. IARC Sci Publ. 2002; 156: 227230.
  • 65
    Dorgan JF, Sowell A, Swanson CA, et al. Relationships of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: results from a prospective study in Columbia, Missouri (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 1998; 9: 8997.
  • 66
    Hulten K, Van Kappel AL, Winkvist A, et al. Carotenoids, alpha-tocopherols, and retinol in plasma and breast cancer risk in northern Sweden. Cancer Causes Control. 2001; 12: 529537.
  • 67
    Knekt P. Serum vitamin E level and risk of female cancers. Int J Epidemiol. 1988; 17: 281286.
  • 68
    Knekt P, Aromaa A, Maatela J, et al. Serum vitamin A and subsequent risk of cancer: cancer incidence follow-up of the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey. Am J Epidemiol. 1990; 132: 857870.
  • 69
    Sato R, Helzlsouer KJ, Alberg AJ, Hoffman SC, Norkus EP, Comstock GW. Prospective study of carotenoids, tocopherols, and retinoid concentrations and the risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002; 11: 451457.
  • 70
    Tamimi RM, Hankinson SE, Campos H, et al. Plasma carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols and risk of breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 2005; 161: 153160.
  • 71
    Toniolo P, Van Kappel AL, Akhmedkhanov A, et al. Serum carotenoids and breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 2001; 153: 11421147.
  • 72
    Wald NJ, Boreham J, Hayward JL, Bulbrook RD. Plasma retinol, beta-carotene and vitamin E levels in relation to the future risk of breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1984; 49: 321324.
  • 73
    Missmer SA, Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, et al. Meat and dairy food consumption and breast cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. Int J Epidemiol. 2002; 31: 7885.
  • 74
    Seely D, Mills EJ, Wu P, Verma S, Guyatt GH. The effects of green tea consumption on incidence of breast cancer and recurrence of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Integr Cancer Ther. 2005; 4: 144155.
  • 75
    Saadatian-Elahi M, Norat T, Goudable J, Riboli E. Biomarkers of dietary fatty acid intake and the risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Int J Cancer. 2004; 111: 584591.
  • 76
    Gertig DM, Hankinson SE, Hough H, et al. N-acetyl transferase 2 genotypes, meat intake and breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer. 1999; 80: 1317.
  • 77
    Han J, Hankinson SE, De Vivo I, et al. A prospective study of XRCC1 haplotypes and their interaction with plasma carotenoids on breast cancer risk. Cancer Res. 2003; 63: 85368541.
  • 78
    Han J, Hankinson SE, Ranu H, De Vivo I, Hunter DJ. Polymorphisms in DNA double-strand break repair genes and breast cancer risk in the Nurses' Health Study. Carcinogenesis. 2004; 25: 189195.
  • 79
    Rebbeck TR, Martinez ME, Sellers TA, Shields PG, Wild CP, Potter JD. Genetic variation and cancer: improving the environment for publication of association studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004; 13: 19851986.
  • 80
    Tamimi RM, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ. Manganese superoxide dismutase polymorphism, plasma antioxidants, cigarette smoking, and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004; 13: 989996.
  • 81
    van der Hel OL, Peeters PH, Hein DW, et al. GSTM1 null genotype, red meat consumption and breast cancer risk (the Netherlands). Cancer Causes Control. 2004; 15: 295303.
  • 82
    International Agency for Research on Cancer. Weight Control and Physical Activity. Vol. 6. Lyon, France: Lyon IARC Press; 2002.
  • 83
    van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, et al. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2000; 152: 514527.
  • 84
    Ballard-Barbash R, Schatzkin A, Taylor PR, Kahle LL. Association of change in body mass with breast cancer. Cancer Res. 1990; 50: 21522155.
  • 85
    Folsom AR, Kaye SA, Prineas RJ, Potter JD, Gapstur SM, Wallace RB. Increased incidence of carcinoma of the breast associated with abdominal adiposity in postmenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol. 1990; 131: 794803.
  • 86
    Huang Z, Hankinson SE, Colditz GA, et al. Dual effects of weight and weight gain on breast cancer risk. JAMA. 1997; 278: 14071411.
  • 87
    Le Marchand L, Kolonel LN, Myers BC, Mi MP. Birth characteristics of premenopausal women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1988; 57: 437439.
  • 88
    Bingham SA. Biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology. Public Health Nutr. 2002; 5: 821827.
  • 89
    Melchert HU, Limsathayourat N, Mihajlovic H, Eichberg J, Thefeld W, Rottka H. Fatty acid patterns in triglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesteryl esters and phosphatidylcholine in serum from vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Atherosclerosis. 1987; 65: 159166.
  • 90
    Dougherty RM, Galli C, Ferro-Luzzi A, Iacono JM. Lipid and phospholipid fatty acid composition of plasma, red blood cells, and platelets and how they are affected by dietary lipids: a study of normal subjects from Italy, Finland, and the USA. Am J Clin Nutr. 1987; 45: 443455.
  • 91
    Zock PL, Mensink RP, Harryvan J, de Vries JH, Katan MB. Fatty acids in serum cholesteryl esters as quantitative biomarkers of dietary intake in humans. Am J Epidemiol. 1997; 145: 11141122.
  • 92
    Cho E, Spiegelman D, Hunter DJ, Chen WY, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Premenopausal dietary carbohydrate, glycemic index, glycemic load, and fiber in relation to risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003; 12: 11531158.
  • 93
    Rogers I, Emmett P, Gunnell D, Dunger D, Holly J. Milk as a food for growth? The insulin-like growth factors link. Public Health Nutr. 2006; 9: 359368.
  • 94
    Yamamoto S, Sobue T, Sasaki S, et al. Validity and reproducibility of a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire to assess isoflavone intake in a Japanese population in comparison with dietary records and blood and urine isoflavones. J Nutr. 2001; 131: 27412747.
  • 95
    Greendale GA, FitzGerald G, Huang MH, et al. Dietary soy isoflavones and bone mineral density: results from the study of women's health across the nation. Am J Epidemiol. 2002; 155: 746754.
  • 96
    Frazier AL, Li L, Cho E, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Adolescent diet and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2004; 15: 7382.
  • 97
    Puddefoot JR, Udeozo UK, Barker S, Vinson GP. The role of angiotensin II in the regulation of breast cancer cell adhesion and invasion. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006; 13: 895903.
  • 98
    Gonzalez-Zuloeta Ladd AM, Vasquez AA, Sayed-Tabatabaei FA, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005; 14: 21432146.
  • 99
    Koh WP, Yuan JM, Van Den Berg D, Lee HP, Yu MC. Polymorphisms in angiotensin II type 1 receptor and angiotensin I-converting enzyme genes and breast cancer risk among Chinese women in Singapore. Carcinogenesis. 2005; 26: 459464.
  • 100
    Schafer KS, Kegley SE. Persistent toxic chemicals in the US food supply. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002; 56: 813817.
  • 101
    Curl CL, Fenske RA, Elgethun K. Organophosphorus pesticide exposure of urban and suburban preschool children with organic and conventional diets. Environ Health Perspect. 2003; 111: 377382.
  • 102
    Fung TT, Hu FB, Holmes MD, et al. Dietary patterns and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2005; 116: 116121.
  • 103
    Kushi LH, Potter JD, Bostick RM, et al. Dietary fat and risk of breast cancer according to hormone receptor status. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1995; 4: 1119.
  • 104
    Olsen A, Tjonneland A, Thomsen BL, et al. Fruits and vegetables intake differentially affects estrogen receptor negative and positive breast cancer incidence rates. J Nutr. 2003; 133: 23422347.
  • 105
    Wu AH, Wan P, Hankin J, Tseng CC, Yu MC, Pike MC. Adolescent and adult soy intake and risk of breast cancer in Asian-Americans. Carcinogenesis. 2002; 23: 14911496.
  • 106
    Rohan TE, Jain MG, Howe GR, Miller AB. Dietary folate consumption and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000; 92: 266269.
  • 107
    Michels KB, Ekbom A. Caloric restriction and incidence of breast cancer. JAMA. 2004; 291: 12261230.
  • 108
    Eliassen AH, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Willett WC, Hankinson SE. Adult weight change and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. JAMA. 2006; 296: 193201.