Article

Polarized Absorption, Spontaneous and Stimulated Blue Light Emission of J-type Tetraphenylbutadiene Monocrystals

  1. Silvia Tavazzi Dr.1,
  2. Leonardo Silvestri Dr.1,
  3. Luciano Miozzo Dr.1,
  4. Antonio Papagni Prof.1,
  5. Peter Spearman Dr.1,2,
  6. Sandra Ianelli Dr.3,
  7. Alberto Girlando Prof.3,
  8. Andrea Camposeo Dr.4,
  9. Marco Polo Dr.4,5,
  10. Dario Pisignano Dr.4,5

Article first published online: 22 DEC 2009

DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900267

Issue

ChemPhysChem

ChemPhysChem

Volume 11, Issue 2, pages 429–434, February 1, 2010

Additional Information

How to Cite

Tavazzi, S., Silvestri, L., Miozzo, L., Papagni, A., Spearman, P., Ianelli, S., Girlando, A., Camposeo, A., Polo, M. and Pisignano, D. (2010), Polarized Absorption, Spontaneous and Stimulated Blue Light Emission of J-type Tetraphenylbutadiene Monocrystals. ChemPhysChem, 11: 429–434. doi: 10.1002/cphc.200900267

Author Information

  1. 1

    Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I-20125 Milano (Italy), Fax: (+39) 02 6448 5400

  2. 2

    School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE (UK)

  3. 3

    Parma University, Dip. di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica e Chimica Fisica, Parco Area delle Scienze 17 A, 43100-I Parma (Italy)

  4. 4

    NNL, National Nanotechnology Laboratory of INFM-CNR, Distretto Tecnologico, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce (Italy)

  5. 5

    Istituto Superiore di Formazione Interdisciplinare (ISUFI), Università del Salento, Lecce (Italy)

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 26 JAN 2010
  2. Article first published online: 22 DEC 2009
  3. Manuscript Revised: 9 OCT 2009
  4. Manuscript Received: 6 APR 2009

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Keywords:

  • absorption;
  • crystal growth;
  • luminescence;
  • photophysics

Graphical Abstract

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Blue crystal: Blue amplified spontaneous emission from the largest face of a 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene (TPB, see figure) single crystal is demonstrated at room temperature with a threshold excitation fluence of 400 μJ cm−2. TPB may be a good candidate for the development of vertical cavity geometry lasers based on organic single crystals.

Abstract

Blue amplified spontaneous emission at room temperature is demonstrated from the exposed face of the strongly emitting organic semiconductor 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene in single crystal form. The symmetry of the crystal and calculation of lattice sums indicate the J-type organization of the molecular transition moments. The minimum in the lowest exciton dispersion branch, from which emission takes place, is found at the edge of the Brillouin zone leading to a dominant vibronic emission since the zero-phonon line is forbidden. The observed gain narrowed line is attributed to the vibronic replica which becomes amplified with increased pumping. The reported emission is along the normal to the exposed crystal face, important for the development of vertical cavity geometry lasers based on organic single crystals. The threshold excitation fluence of 400 μJ cm−2 is comparable to other organic crystalline systems, even if the amplification path is much reduced as a consequence of the vertical geometry. Considering these relevant aspects, the optical characterization of this material is provided. The polarized absorption spectra are reported and the properties of the lowest-energy excitonic state investigated. Calculation of the electronic transitions for the isolated molecule, lattice sums for the transition at lowest energy, and the symmetry of the crystal allow attributing the largest face of the samples and the observed optical bands in the spectra. Polarized time-resolved spectra are also reported allowing to identify the intrinsic excitonic emission.

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