Endocrine Control of Potassium Balance

The sections in this article are:

1 Potassium Transport Along the Nephron

2 Aldosterone: Cellular Mechanisms of Action

2.1 Aldosterone Receptors

2.2 Energetics

2.3 Sodium Conductance

2.4 Hydrogen Ion Transport

2.5 Potassium Transport

2.6 Sodium–Potassium-Adenosine Triphosphatase

2.7 Chloride Transport

3 Long-Term Actions of Aldosterone

3.1 Potassium Excretion

3.2 Potassium Distribution

4 Other Hormonal and Nonhormonal Factors that may Affect Potassium Excretion and Distribution

4.1 Sodium Intake and Excretion

4.2 Epinephrine

4.3 Norepinephrine

4.4 Vasopressin

4.5 Insulin

4.6 Angiotensin

4.7 Thyroxin

5 Regulation of Aldosterone Secretion

6 Quantitative Assessments of the Participation of Aldosterone in Potassium Regulation

6.1 Changes in Potassium Intake

6.2 Change in Sodium Intake

6.3 Changes in Aldosterone or Mineralocorticoid Activity

6.4 Potassium Regulation over Combined Ranges of Sodium and Potassium Intake

7 Conclusion