Renal Prostaglandins and Other Eicosanoids

The sections in this article are:

1 Biochemistry

1.1 Eicosanoid Synthesis

1.2 Eicosanoid Degradation

1.3 Lipoxygenase and Epoxygenase Derivatives of Arachidonic Acid

1.4 Sites of Renal Eicosanoid Synthesis

1.5 Mechanism of Peptide Hormone Stimulation of Eicosanoid Synthesis

1.6 Eicosanoid Receptors and Mechanism of Action of Eicosanoids

1.7 Prostaglandin Excretion and Secretion

2 Influence of Prostaglandins on Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration Rate

2.1 Administration of Prostaglandins and Their Precursors

2.2 Influence of Cyclooxygenase Inhibition on Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration

2.3 Role of Prostaglandins in Renal Autoregulation and Tubuloglomerular Feedback

2.4 Hormonal Stimulation of Renal Prostaglandin Synthesis

2.5 Peptide Hormones and Prostaglandin Interactions in the Control of Renal Blood Flow

2.6 Some Conditions in Which Prostaglandins Exert an Important Vasodilatory Action

2.7 Summary: Prostaglandins and Renal Hemodynamics

3 Prostaglandins and Renal Water Excretion

3.1 Capacity of Renal Prostaglandins to Modulate Water Excretion in the Presence of Vasopressin

3.2 Capacity of Renal Prostaglandins to Modulate Water Excretion When Vasopressin Is Absent or Severely Reduced

3.3 Vasopressin and Vasopressin Analogs Stimulate Prostaglandin Synthesis in the Kidney

3.4 Mechanisms by Which Prostaglandins Modulate Renal Water Excretion

3.5 Prostaglandin Antagonism of AVP-Stimulated Water Flow: A Physiologic Phenomenon Mediated through the cyclic-AMP System?

3.6 Summary: Prostaglandins and Renal Water Excretion

4 Staglandins and Sodium Excretion

4.1 Influence of Prostaglandins and Arachidonic Acid on Renal Sodium Excretion

4.2 Cyclooxygenase Inhibition and Renal Sodium Excretion

4.3 Effect of Sodium Intake on Renal Prostaglandin Synthesis and Excretion

4.4 Nephron Sites Where Prostaglandins Oppose Sodium Absorption

4.5 Summary: Prostaglandins and Sodium Excretion

5 Contribution of Prostaglandins to the Renal Release of Renin

5.1 Effects of Exogenous Prostaglandins and Arachidonic Acid on Renal Renin Release

5.2 Influence of Cyclooxygenase Inhibition on Renal Renin Release

5.3 Renin Release by the -Adrenergic, Renal Baroreceptor, and Macula Densa Mechanisms: Role of Prostaglandins

5.4 Summary: Prostaglandins and Renin Release

6 Prostaglandins as Mediators of Erythropoietin Release

7 Effect of Prostaglandins on Tubular Transport of Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium, and on Renal Ammoniagenesis

7.1 Calcium

7.2 Phosphate

7.3 Magnesium

7.4 Renal Ammoniagenesis