Air Emissions

You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article

An examination of historical air pollutant emissions from us petroleum refineries

  1. Thomas P. Nelson*

Article first published online: 29 NOV 2012

DOI: 10.1002/ep.11713

Issue

Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy

Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy

Volume 32, Issue 2, pages 425–432, July 2013

Additional Information

How to Cite

Nelson, T. P. (2013), An examination of historical air pollutant emissions from us petroleum refineries. Environ. Prog. Sustainable Energy, 32: 425–432. doi: 10.1002/ep.11713

Author Information

  1. Sage Environmental Consulting, Orinda, CA

*tom@sageenvironmental.com (for correspondence)

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 13 APR 2013
  2. Article first published online: 29 NOV 2012
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 22 SEP 2012
  4. Manuscript Revised: 4 SEP 2012
  5. Manuscript Received: 6 JUN 2012

SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article with Supporting Information (HTML) Get PDF (4278K)

LITERATURE CITED

  • 1
    Environment, Health, Safety. American Petroleum Institute Web site; Available at: http://www.api.org/ehs/. Accessed September, 18,2011.
  • 2
    National Emission Inventory Air Pollutant Emission Trends Data. US Environmental Protection Agency Web site; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/trends/. Accessed February, 2,2012.
  • 3
    Air Toxics Program Discussion, Clean Air Act Advisory Committee. US Environmental Protection Agency. June, 8, 2011; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/air/caaac/pdfs/2011_06_air_toxics.pdf. Accessed September, 18,2011.
  • 4
    Sector Performance Report, Supplement. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C., February2009.
  • 5
    About the National Emission Inventory Database. US Environmental Protection Agency Web site; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/oar/data/neidb.html. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 6
    Documentation for the 2005 Point Source National Emissions Inventory. Prepared for the Emission Inventory and Analysis Group, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, prepared by Eastern Research Group, Morrisville, NC, October, 28,2008.
  • 7
    Toxic Release Inventory. US Environment Protection Agency Web site; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/TRI/. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 8
    About Air Toxics. US Environmental Protection Agency Website; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/oar/toxicair/newtoxics.html. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 9
    The toxics release inventory (TRI) and factors to consider when using TRI data. US EPA. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/tri/tridata/tri01/press/FactorsToConPDF.pdf. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 10
    TRI Data and Tools. US Environmental Protection Agency Web site; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/tri/tridata/index.html. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 11
    Regional Screening Levels (formerly PRGs). US Environmental Protection Agency, Pacific Southwest, Region 9 Web Site; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/region9/superfund/prg/. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 12
    Petroleum and Other Liquids. US Energy Information Agency Web site; Available at: http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pnp_unc_dcu_nus_m.htm. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 13
    Annual Refining Report 1990. Oil and Gas Journal, (March 18,1991) Volume18 Number 11, 88–105.
  • 14
    NPRA United State Refining and Storage Capacity Report, Refining Capacity Report; January 1, 2010, National Petrochemical and Refining Association, Washington DC. January, 1,2010.
  • 15
    Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors. Stationary Point and Area Sources. AP-42, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Office of Air and Radiation, (Volume, 1, 5th Edition), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. January1995.
  • 16
    API Gravity, Wikipedia Web Site, Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API_gravity. Accessed September, 4,2012.
  • 17
    Annual Energy Outlook, 2011. U.S. Energy Information Administration, April 2011; Available at: http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/aeo/index.cfm. Accessed February, 12,2012.
  • 18
    EIA, Annual Energy Outlook, 2011, Ibid.
  • 19
    Annual Refining Report 1990. Oil and Gas Journal, (March 18,1991) Volume18, Number 11, 88–105.
  • 20
    NPRA United State Refining and Storage Capacity Report, Refining Capacity Report, January, 2010. National Petrochemical and Refining Association, Washington DC, August, 2010. Available at: http://www.npra.org/docs/publications/statistics/RC2010.pdf. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 21
    Refinery Capacity Report 2011, Table 13. Refineries Permanently Shutdown by PAD District Between January, 1, 1990 and January 1, 2010, http://www.eia.gov/petroleum/refinerycapacity/, U.S. Energy Information Agency, Washington DC. June, 24, 2011.
  • 22
    Atkins, L. Warren, M., Higgins, T., Favela, R., Haas, G., Hudson, R. & Navaneethan, N. (2011).Heavy crude oil: A global analysis and outlook to, 2030, Houston, TX:Hart Energy Publishing LLP.
  • 23
    Letter with Attachment, detailed comments to the office of management and budget on the need for and burden associated with the draft refinery information collection request from the American Petroleum Institute and the National Petrochemical and Refiners Association, Washington, D.C. to US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Washington D.C. Docket ID: EAP-HQ-OAR-2010–0682, March, 4, 2011.
  • 24
    Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI); US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics Web site; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/rsei/pubs/tech_info.html. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 25
    Protocol for Equipment Leak Emission Estimates. EPA-453/R-95–017, US Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standard, Research Triangle Park, NC, November1995.
  • 26
    Shine, B. (2007). Potential low bias of reported VOC emissions from the petroleum refining industry. Technical Memorandum to the EPA Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003–0146. July, 27,2007.
  • 27
    VOC fugitive losses: New Monitors, Emission Losses; and Potential Agency Gaps: 2006 International Workshop. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standard, Research Triangle Park, NC and Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, D.C. October 25–27,2006.
  • 28
    Benassy, M.-F.& Post, L. (2008). Optical methods for remote measurement of diffuse VOCs: Their role in the quantification of annual refinery emissions. CONCAWE Report No. 6/08, Brussels, Belgium.
  • 29
    Smithers, B. (1995). VOC emissions from external floating roof tanks: comparison of remote measurements by laser with calculation methods. CONCAWE Report No. 95/52, Brussels, Belgium. January 1995.
  • 30
    Randall, D. & Coburn, F. (2010). Critical review of DIAL emission test data for bp petroleum refinery in Texas City, Texas. EPA 453/R-10–002, Prepared by Research Triangle Institute for Ms. Brenda Shine, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standard, Research Triangle Park, NC. November 2010.
  • 31
    Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) and Factors to Consider When Using TRI Data. US Environmental Protection Agency Web site; Available at: http://www.epa.gov/tri/triprogram/FactorsToConPDF.pdf. Accessed September, 9,2011.
  • 32
    RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse. US Environmental Protection Agency database. Retrieved January, 26, 2012; Available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/RBLC/. Accessed September, 9,2011.
View Full Article with Supporting Information (HTML) Get PDF (4278K)