SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

REFERENCES

  • Aguilar F, Hussain SP, Cerutti P. 1993. Aflatoxin B1 induces the transversion of G→T in codon 249 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in human hepatocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:85868590.
  • Aguilar F, Harris CC, Sun T, Hollstein M, Cerutti P. 1994. Geographic variation of p53 mutational profile in nonmalignant human liver. Science 264:13171319.
  • Amaro MJ, Bartolome J, Carreno V. 1999. Hepatitis B virus X protein transactivates the inducible nitric oxide synthase promoter. Hepatology 29:915923.
  • Ambs S, Hussain SP, Harris CC. 1997. Interactive effects of nitric oxide and the p53 tumor suppressor gene in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. FASEB J 11:443448.
  • Ambs S, Ogunfusika MO, Merriam WG, Bennett WP, Billiar TR, Harris CC. 1998a. Upregulation of NOS2 expression in cancer-prone p53 knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:88238828.
  • Ambs S, Bennett WP, Merriam WG, Ogunfusika MO, Oser SM, Khan MA, Jones RT, Harris CC. 1998b. Vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide synthase expression in human lung cancer and the relation to p53. Br J Cancer 78:233239.
  • Ambs S, Bennett WP, Merriam WG, Ogunfusika MO, Oser SM, Harrington AM, Shields PG, Felley-Bosco E, Hussain SP, Harris CC. 1999. Relationship between p53 mutations and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in human colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:8688.
  • Aoki H, Hayashi J, Moriyama M, Arakawa Y, Hino O. 2000. Hepatitis C virus core protein interacts with 14-3-3 protein and activates the kinase Raf-1. J Virol 74:17361741.
  • Arbuthnot P, Capovilla A, Kew M. 2000. Putative role of hepatitis B virus X protein in hepatocarcinogenesis: effects on apoptosis, DNA repair, mitogen-activated protein kinase and JAK/STAT pathways. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 15:357368.
  • Barbin A. 1998. Formation of DNA etheno adducts in rodents and humans and their role in carcinogenesis. Acta Biochim Pol 45:145161.
  • Barbin A. 2000. Etheno-adduct-forming chemicals: from mutagenicity testing to tumor mutation spectra. Mutat Res 462:5569.
  • Becker SA, Lee TH, Butel JS, Slagle BL. 1998. Hepatitis B virus X protein interferes with cellular DNA repair. J Virol 72:266272.
  • Bennett MR, Evan GI, Schwartz SM. 1995. Apoptosis of rat vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated by p53-dependent and -independent pathways. Circ Res 77:266273.
  • Bergsland EK. 2001. Molecular mechanisms underlying the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Oncol 28:521531.
  • Bredt DS, Snyder SH. 1994. Nitric oxide: a physiologic messenger molecule. Annu Rev Biochem 63:175195.
  • Bressac B, Kew M, Wands J, Ozturk M. 1991. Selective G to T mutations of p53 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma from southern Africa. Nature 350:429431.
  • Britton RS. 1996. Metal-induced hepatotoxicity. Semin Liver Dis 16:312.
  • Buendia MA. 2000. Genetics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 10:185200.
  • Buss P, Caviezel M, Lutz WK. 1990. Linear dose-response relationship for DNA adducts in rat liver from chronic exposure to aflatoxin B1. Carcinogenesis 11:21332135.
  • Carrier J, Aghdassi E, Platt I, Cullen J, Allard JP. 2001. Effect of oral iron supplementation on oxidative stress and colonic inflammation in rats with induced colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 15:19891999.
  • Cerutti PA, Trump BF. 1991. Inflammation and oxidative stress in carcinogenesis. Cancer Cells 3:17.
  • Cerutti P, Hussain P, Pourzand C, Aguilar F. 1994. Mutagenesis of the H-ras protooncogene and the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Cancer Res 54:1934s1938s.
  • Chen CJ, Yu MW, Liaw YF. 1997. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 12:S294S308.
  • Christen, Hagen TM, Shigenaga MK, Ames BN. 1999. Chronic inflammation, mutation, and cancer. In: ParsonnetJ, HornigS, editors. Microbes and malignancy: infection as a cause of cancer. New York: Oxford Univ. Press. p 3588.
  • Creech JL, Johnson MN, Block B. 1974. Angiosarcoma of liver among polyvinyl chloride workers-Kentucky. In: D.H.E.W., editor. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Rep 23:49–50. CDC Publ. No. 74, p 8017.
  • de The H, Marchio A, Tiollais P, Dejean A. 1987. A novel steroid thyroid hormone receptor-related gene inappropriately expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Nature 330:667670.
  • de Vera ME, Shapiro RA, Nussler AK, Mudgett JS, Simmons RL, Morris SM Jr., Billiar TR, Geller DA. 1996. Transcriptional regulation of human inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) gene by cytokines: initial analysis of the human NOS2 promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:10541059.
  • Di Bisceglie AM, Rustgi VK, Hoofnagle JH, Dusheiko GM, Lotze MT. 1988. NIH conference. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Intern Med 108:390401.
  • Dominguez-Malagon H, Gaytan-Graham S. 2001. Hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Ultrastruct Pathol 25:497516.
  • Drew RT, Boorman GA, Haseman JK, McConnell EE, Busey WM, Moore JA. 1983. The effect of age and exposure duration on cancer induction by a known carcinogen in rats, mice, and hamsters. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 68:120130.
  • Dumenco L, Oguey D, Wu J, Messier N, Fausto N. 1995. Introduction of a murine p53 mutation corresponding to human codon 249 into a murine hepatocyte cell line results in growth advantage, but not in transformation. Hepatology 22:12791288.
  • Elmore LW, Hancock AR, Chang SF, Wang XW, Chang S, Callahan CP, Geller DA, Will H, Harris CC. 1997. Hepatitis B virus X protein and p53 tumor suppressor interactions in the modulation of apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:1470714712.
  • Elmore, Harris CC. 1998. Hepatocellular carcinoma. In: VogelsteinB, KinzlerKW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill. p 682689.
  • Elmore, Harris CC. 2002. Hepatocellular carcinoma. In: VogelsteinB, KinzlerKW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., p 741750.
  • El-Serag HB, Mason AC. 1999. Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. N Engl J Med 340:745750.
  • Evans DM, Williams WJ, Kung IT. 1983. Angiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in vinyl chloride workers. Histopathology 7:377388.
  • Feitelson MA, Zhu M, Duan LX, London WT. 1993. Hepatitis B x antigen and p53 are associated in vitro and in liver tissues from patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 8:11091117.
  • Feron VJ, Hendriksen CF, Speek AJ, Til HP, Spit BJ. 1981. Lifespan oral toxicity study of vinyl chloride in rats. Food Cosmet Toxicol 19:317333.
  • Forgues M, Marrogi AJ, Spillare EA, Wu CG, Yoshida M, Wang XW. 2001. Interaction of the hepatitis b virus x protein with the Crm1-dependent nuclear export pathway. J Biol Chem 276:2279722803.
  • Forrester K, Lupold SE, Ott VL, Chay CH, Band V, Wang XW, Harris CC. 1995. Effects of p53 mutants on wild-type p53-mediated transactivation are cell type dependent. Oncogene 10:21032111.
  • Forrester K, Ambs S, Lupold SE, Kapust RB, Spillare EA, Weinberg WC, Felley-Bosco E, Wang XW, Geller DA, Billiar TR, Harris CC. 1996. Nitric oxide-induced p53 accumulation and regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) expression by wild-type p53. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:24422447.
  • Forstermann U, Kleinert H. 1995. Nitric oxide synthase: expression and expressional control of the three isoforms. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 352:351364.
  • Fujimoto H, Sasaki J, Matsumoto M, Suga M, Ando Y, Iggo R, Tada M, Saya H, Ando M. 1998. Significant correlation of nitric oxide synthase activity and p53 gene mutation in stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Jpn J Cancer Res 89:696702.
  • Galloway DA, McDougall JK. 1983. The oncogenic potential of herpes simplex viruses: evidence for a ‘hit- and-run’ mechanism. Nature 302:2124.
  • Gonzalez-Amaro R, Garcia-Monzon C, Garcia-Buey L, Moreno-Otero R, Alonso JL, Yague E, Pivel JP, Lopez-Cabrera M, Fernandez-Ruiz E, Sanchez-Madrid F. 1994. Induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha production by human hepatocytes in chronic viral hepatitis. J Exp Med 179:841848.
  • Groisman IJ, Koshy R, Henkler F, Groopman JD, Alaoui-Jamali MA. 1999. Downregulation of DNA excision repair by the hepatitis B virus-x protein occurs in p53-proficient and p53-deficient cells. Carcinogenesis 20:479483.
  • Guengerich FP, Johnson WW, Ueng YF, Yamazaki H, Shimada T. 1996. Involvement of cytochrome P-450, glutathione S-transferase, and epoxide hydrolase in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and relevance to risk of human liver cancer. Environ Health Perspect 104:557562.
  • Hentze MW, Kuhn LC. 1996. Molecular control of vertebrate iron metabolism: mRNA-based regulatory circuits operated by iron, nitric oxide, and oxidative stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:81758182.
  • Hill AB. 1965. The environment and disease: association or causation. Proc Royal Soc Med 58:295300.
  • Hino O, Shows TB, Rogler CE. 1986. Hepatitis B virus integration site in hepatocellular carcinoma at chromosome 17;18 translocation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:83388342.
  • Hino O, Nomura K, Ohtake K, Kawaguchi T, Sugano H, Kitagawa T. 1989. Instability of integrated hepatitis B virus DNA with inverted repeat structure in a transgenic mouse. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 37:273278.
  • Hino O, Tabata S, Hotta Y. 1991. Evidence for increased in vitro recombination with insertion of human hepatitis B virus DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:92489252.
  • Hofseth LJ, Hussain SP, Wang XW, Harris CC. 2002. Hepatocellular cancer: molecular biology and genetics. In: KelsenDP, DalyJM, KernSE, LevinB, TepperJE, editors. Gastrointestinal oncology: principles and practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p 539558.
  • Hollstein M, Marion MJ, Lehman T, Welsh J, Harris CC, Martel-Planche G, Kusters I, Montesano R. 1994. p53 mutations at A:T base pairs in angiosarcomas of vinyl chloride-exposed factory workers. Carcinogenesis 15:13.
  • Honda M, Kaneko S, Kawai H, Shirota Y, Kobayashi K. 2001. Differential gene expression between chronic hepatitis b and c hepatic lesion. Gastroenterology 120:955966.
  • Hosono S, Chou MJ, Lee CS, Shih C. 1993. Infrequent mutation of p53 gene in hepatitis B virus positive primary hepatocellular carcinomas. Oncogene 8:491496.
  • Hsu IC, Metcalf RA, Sun T, Welsh JA, Wang NJ, Harris CC. 1991. Mutational hotspot in the p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinomas. Nature 350:427428.
  • Hsu IC, Tokiwa T, Bennett W, Metcalf RA, Welsh JA, Sun T, Harris CC. 1993. p53 gene mutation and integrated hepatitis B viral DNA sequences in human liver cancer cell lines. Carcinogenesis 14:987992.
  • Huo TI, Wang XW, Forgues M, Wu CG, Spillare EA, Giannini C, Brechot C, Harris CC. 2001. Hepatitis B virus x mutants derived from human hepatocellular carcinoma retain the ability to abrogate p53-induced apoptosis. Oncogene 20:36203628.
  • Hussain SP, Aguilar F, Amstad P, Cerutti P. 1994. Oxy-radical induced mutagenesis of hotspot codons 248 and 249 of the human p53 gene. Oncogene 9:22772281.
  • Hussain SP, Harris CC. 1998. Molecular epidemiology of human cancer: contribution of mutation spectra studies of tumor suppressor genes. Cancer Res 58:40234037.
  • Hussain SP, Raja K, Amstad PA, Sawyer M, Trudel LJ, Wogan GN, Hofseth LJ, Shields PG, Billiar TR, Trautwein C, Hohler T, Galle PR, Phillips DH, Markin R, Marrogi AJ, Harris CC. 2000. Increased p53 mutation load in nontumorous human liver of wilson disease and hemochromatosis: oxyradical overload diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:1277012775.
  • Hussain SP, Hofseth LJ, Harris CC. 2001. Tumor suppressor genes: at the crossroads of molecular carcinogenesis, molecular epidemiology and human risk assessment. Lung Cancer 34 (Suppl 2):S7S15.
  • Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Koida I, Arase Y, Tsubota A, Chayama K, Kumada H, Kawanishi M. 1993. A multivariate analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinogenesis: a prospective observation of 795 patients with viral and alcoholic cirrhosis. Hepatology 18:4753.
  • Jaskiewicz K, Banach L, Izycka E. 1995. Hepatocellular carcinoma in young patients: histology, cellular differentiation, HBV infection and oncoprotein p53. Anticancer Res 15:27232725.
  • Jia L, Wang XW, Sun ZT, Harris CC. 1997. Interactive effects of p53 tumor suppressor gene and hepatitis B virus in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In: TaharaE, editor. Molecular pathology of gastroenterological cancer: application to clinical practice. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag. p 209218.
  • Jia L, Wang XW, Harris CC. 1999. Hepatitis B virus X protein inhibits nucleotide excision repair. Int J Cancer 80:875879.
  • Kane JM3, Shears LL2, Hierholzer C, Ambs S, Billiar TR, Posner MC. 1997. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection in humans: induction of hepatic nitric oxide synthase and proposed mechanisms for carcinogenesis. J Surg Res 69:321324.
  • Kato N, Yoshida H, Kioko Ono-Nita S, Kato J, Goto T, Otsuka M, Lan K, Matsushima K, Shiratori Y, Omata M. 2000. Activation of intracellular signaling by hepatitis B and C viruses: C-viral core is the most potent signal inducer. Hepatology 32:405412.
  • Kielhorn J, Melber C, Wahnschaffe U, Aitio A, Mangelsdorf I. 2000. Vinyl chloride: still a cause for concern. Environ Health Perspect 108:579588.
  • Kim CM, Koike K, Saito I, Miyamura T, Jay G. 1991. HBx gene of hepatitis B virus induces liver cancer in transgenic mice. Nature 351:317320.
  • Kirk GD, Camus-Randon AM, Mendy M, Goedert JJ, Merle P, Trepo C, Brechot C, Hainaut P, Montesano R. 2000. Ser-249 p53 mutations in plasma DNA of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from The Gambia. J Natl Cancer Inst 92:148153.
  • Kress S, Jahn UR, Buchmann A, Bannasch P, Schwarz M. 1992. p53 Mutations in human hepatocellular carcinomas from Germany. Cancer Res 52:32203223.
  • Laskin DL, Heck DE, Laskin JD. 1998. Role of inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide in hepatic and pulmonary toxicity. Toxicol Lett 102-103:289293.
  • Laval F, Wink DA, Laval J. 1997. A discussion of mechanisms of NO genotoxicity: implication of inhibition of DNA repair proteins. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 131:175191.
  • Lee SG, Rho HM. 2000. Transcriptional repression of the human p53 gene by hepatitis B viral X protein. Oncogene 19:468471.
  • Li D, Cao Y, He L, Wang NJ, Gu JR. 1993. Aberrations of p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinoma from China. Carcinogenesis 14:169173.
  • Liu RH, Jacob JR, Hotchkiss JH, Cote PJ, Gerin JL, Tennant BC. 1994. Woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen induces nitric oxide synthesis in hepatocytes: possible role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 15:28752877.
  • Lombard DB, Guarente L. 2000. Nijmegen breakage syndrome disease protein and MRE11 at PML nuclear bodies and meiotic telomeres. Cancer Res 60:23312334.
  • Lu W, Lo SY, Chen M, Wu K, Fung YK, Ou JH. 1999. Activation of p53 tumor suppressor by hepatitis C virus core protein. Virology 264:134141.
  • Lucito R, Schneider RJ. 1992. Hepatitis B virus X protein activates transcription factor NF- kappa B without a requirement for protein kinase C. J Virol 66:983991.
  • Mace K, Aguilar F, Wang JS, Vautravers P, Gomez-Lechon M, Gonzalea FJ, Groopman J, Harris CC, Pfeifer AMA. 1997. Aflatoxin B1 induced DNA adduct formation and p53 mutations in CYP450-expressing human liver cell lines. Carcinogenesis 18:12911297.
  • Mahe Y, Mukaida N, Kuno K, Akiyama M, Ikeda N, Matsushima K, Murakami S. 1991. Hepatitis B virus X protein transactivates human interleukin-8 gene through acting on nuclear factor kB and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-like cis-elements. J Biol Chem 266:1375913763.
  • Majano PL, Garcia-Monzon C, Lopez-Cabrera M, Lara-Pezzi E, Fernandez-Ruiz E, Garcia-Iglesias C, Borque MJ, Moreno-Otero R. 1998. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in chronic viral hepatitis. Evidence for a virus-induced gene upregulation. J Clin Invest 101:13431352.
  • Mannick JB, Hausladen A, Liu L, Hess DT, Zeng M, Miao QX, Kane LS, Gow AJ, Stamler JS. 1999. Fas-induced caspase denitrosylation. Science 284:651654.
  • Marion MJ, Boivin-Angele S. 1999. Vinyl chloride-specific mutations in humans and animals. IARC Sci Publ 150:315324.
  • Marletta MA. 1993. Nitric oxide synthase structure and mechanism. J Biol Chem 268:1223112234.
  • Marusawa H, Hijikata M, Chiba T, Shimotohno K. 1999. Hepatitis C virus core protein inhibits Fas- and tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated apoptosis via NF-kappaB activation. J Virol 73:47134720.
  • Menzo S, Clementi M, Alfani E, Bagnarelli P, Iacovacci S, Manzin A, Dandri M, Natoli G, Levrero M, Carloni G. 1993. Trans-activation of epidermal growth factor receptor gene by the hepatitis B virus X-gene product. Virology 196:878882.
  • Messmer UK, Brune B. 1996. Nitric oxide-induced apoptosis: p53-dependent and p53- independent signalling pathways. Biochem J 319:299305.
  • Meyer M, Wiedorn KH, Hofschneider PH, Koshy R, Caselmann WH. 1992. A chromosome 17:7 translocation is associated with a hepatitis B virus DNA integration in human hepatocellular carcinoma DNA. Hepatology 15:665671.
  • Mihm S, Hutschenreiter A, Fayyazi A, Pingel S, Ramadori G. 1996. High inflammatory activity is associated with an increased amount of IFN-gamma transcripts in peripheral blood cells of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl) 185:95102.
  • Miura N, Horikawa I, Nishimoto A, Ohmura H, Ito H, Hirohashi S, Shay JW, Oshimura M. 1997. Progressive telomere shortening and telomerase reactivation during hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 93:5662.
  • Moncada S, Palmer RM, Higgs EA. 1991. Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 43:109142.
  • Moriya K, Fujie H, Shintani Y, Yotsuyanagi H, Tsutsumi T, Ishibashi K, Matsuura Y, Kimura S, Miyamura T, Koike K. 1998. The core protein of hepatitis C virus induces hepatocellular carcinoma in transgenic mice. Nat Med 4:10651067.
  • Mowat M, Sauder M, Pereira D. 1990. The activated form of p53 is not a transactivator of the intracisternal A particle long terminal repeat promoter. Oncogene 5:241244.
  • Murakami S. 2001. Hepatitis B virus X protein: a multifunctional viral regulator. J Gastroenterol 36:651660.
  • Nair J, Carmichael PL, Fernando RC, Phillips DH, Strain AJ, Bartsch H. 1998. Lipid peroxidation-induced etheno-DNA adducts in the liver of patients with the genetic metal storage disorders Wilson's disease and primary hemochromatosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 7:435440.
  • Nakamura T, Tokino T, Nagaya T, Matsubara K. 1988. Microdeletion associated with the integration process of hepatitis B virus DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 16:48654873.
  • Nathan C, Xie QW. 1994. Nitric oxide synthases: roles, tolls, and controls. Cell 78:915918.
  • Natoli G, Avantaggiati ML, Chirillo P, Costanzo A, Artini M, Balsano C, Levrero M. 1994. Induction of the DNA-binding activity of c-jun/c-fos heterodimers by the hepatitis B virus transactivator pX. Mol Cell Biol 14:989998.
  • Nhieu JT, Renard CA, Wei Y, Cherqui D, Zafrani ES, Buendia MA. 1999. Nuclear accumulation of mutated beta-catenin in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with increased cell proliferation. Am J Pathol 155:703710.
  • Niemela O, Parkkila S, Britton RS, Brunt E, Janney C, Bacon B. 1999. Hepatic lipid peroxidation in hereditary hemochromatosis and alcoholic liver injury. J Lab Clin Med 133:451460.
  • Nose H, Imazeki F, Ohto M, Omata M. 1993. p53 gene mutations and 17p allelic deletions in hepatocellular carcinoma from Japan. Cancer 72:355360.
  • Nussler AK, Di Silvio M, Billiar TR, Hoffman RA, Geller DA, Selby R, Madariaga J, Simmons RL. 1992. Stimulation of the nitric oxide synthase pathway in human hepatocytes by cytokines and endotoxin. J Exp Med 176:261264.
  • Oda T, Tsuda H, Scarpa A, Sakamoto M, Hirohashi S. 1992. p53 gene mutation spectrum in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 52:63586364.
  • Oda T, Tsuda H, Sakamoto M, Hirohashi S. 1994. Different mutations of the p53 gene in nodule-in-nodule hepatocellular carcinoma as a evidence for multistage progression. Cancer Lett 83:197200.
  • Ozturk M. 1991. p53 mutation in hepatocellular carcinoma after aflatoxin exposure. Lancet 338:13561359.
  • Parkin DM, Pisani P, Ferlay J. 1999. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 49:3364.
  • Pisani P, Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J. 1999. Estimates of the worldwide mortality from 25 cancers in 1990. Int J Cancer 83:1829.
  • Ponchel F, Puisieux A, Tabone E, Michot JP, Froschl G, Morel AP, Frebourg T, Fontaniere B, Oberhammer F, Ozturk M. 1994. Hepatocarcinoma-specific mutant p53-249ser induces mitotic activity but has no effect on transforming growth factor beta 1-mediated apoptosis. Cancer Res 54:20642068.
  • Puisieux A, Ji J, Guillot C, Legros Y, Soussi T, Isselbacher K, Ozturk M. 1995. p53-mediated cellular response to DNA damage in cells with replicative hepatitis B virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:13421346.
  • Qadri I, Conaway JW, Conaway RC, Schaack J, Siddiqui A. 1996. Hepatitis B virus transactivator protein, HBx, associates with the components of TFIIH and stimulates the DNA helicase activity of TFIIH. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:1057810583.
  • Ray RB, Steele R, Meyer K, Ray R. 1997. Transcriptional repression of p53 promoter by hepatitis C virus core protein. J Biol Chem 272:1098310986.
  • Robinson WS. 1994. Molecular events in the pathogenesis of hepadnavirus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Annu Rev Med 45:297323.
  • Rogler CE, Sherman M, Su CY, Shafritz DA, Summers J, Shows TB, Henderson A, Kew M. 1985. Deletion in chromosome 11p associated with a hepatitis B integration site in hepatocellular carcinoma. Science 230:319322.
  • Saurin JC, Taniere P, Mion F, Jacob P, Partensky C, Paliard P, Berger F. 1997. Primary hepatocellular carcinoma in workers exposed to vinyl chloride: a report of two cases. Cancer 79:16711677.
  • Schaeffer L, Roy R, Humbert S, Moncollin V, Vermeulen W, Hoeijmakers JH, Chambon P, Egly JM. 1993. DNA repair helicase: a component of BTF2 (TFIIH) basic transcription factor. Science 260:5863.
  • Scorsone KA, Zhou YZ, Butel JS, Slagle BL. 1992. p53 mutations cluster at codon 249 in hepatitis B virus-positive hepatocellular carcinomas from China. Cancer Res 52:16351638.
  • Shackel NA, McGuinness PH, Abbott CA, Gorrell MD, McCaughan GW. 2002. Insights into the pathobiology of hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis: analysis of intrahepatic differential gene expression. Am J Pathol 160:641654.
  • Sherman M. 1995. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterologist 3:5566.
  • Shimoda R, Nagashima M, Sakamoto M, Yamaguchi N, Hirohashi S, Yokota J, Kasai H. 1994. Increased formation of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in human livers with chronic hepatitis. Cancer Res 54:31713172.
  • Shiratori Y, Shiina S, Imamura M, Kato N, Kanai F, Okudaira T, Teratani T, Tohgo G, Toda N, Ohashi M. 1995. Characteristic difference of hepatocellular carcinoma between hepatitis B- and C virus infection in Japan. Hepatology 22:10271033.
  • Sirma H, Giannini C, Poussin K, Paterlini P, Kremsdorf D, Brechot C. 1999. Hepatitis B virus X mutants, present in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue abrogate both the antiproliferative and transactivation effects of HBx. Oncogene 18:48484859.
  • Sokol RJ, Twedt D, McKim JM Jr., Devereaux MW, Karrer FM, Kam I, von Steigman G, Narkewicz MR, Bacon BR, Britton RS. 1994. Oxidant injury to hepatic mitochondria in patients with Wilson's disease and Bedlington terriers with copper toxicosis. Gastroenterology 107:17881798.
  • Spandau DF, Lee CH. 1988. trans-activation of viral enhancers by the hepatitis B virus X protein. J Virol 62:427434.
  • Tabor E. 1994. Tumor suppressor genes, growth factor genes, and oncogenes in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol 42:357365.
  • Tamburro CH, Makk L, Popper H. 1984. Early hepatic histologic alterations among chemical (vinyl monomer) workers. Hepatology 4:413418.
  • Tamir S, Tannenbaum SR. 1996. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the carcinogenic process. Biochim Biophys Acta 1288:F31F36.
  • Tanaka S, Toh Y, Adachi E, Matsumata T, Mori R, Sugimachi K. 1993. Tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma may be mediated by p53 mutation. Cancer Res 53:28842887.
  • Taylor BS, Alarcon LH, Billiar TR. 1998. Inducible nitric oxide synthase in the liver: regulation and function. Biochemistry (Mosc ) 63:766781.
  • Teramoto T, Satonaka K, Kitazawa S, Fujimori T, Hayashi K, Maeda S. 1994. p53 gene abnormalities are closely related to hepatoviral infections and occur at a late stage of hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Res 54:231235.
  • Til HP, Feron VJ, Immel HR. 1991. Lifetime (149-week) oral carcinogenicity study of vinyl chloride in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 29:713718.
  • Tokino T, Matsubara K. 1991. Chromosomal sites for hepatitis B virus integration in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Virol 65:67616764.
  • Tretyakova NY, Burney S, Pamir B, Wishnok JS, Dedon PC, Wogan GN, Tannenbaum SR. 2000. Peroxynitrite-induced DNA damage in the supF gene: correlation with the mutational spectrum. Mutat Res 447:287303.
  • Trivers GE, DeBenedetti VM, Cawley HL, Caron G, Harrington AM, Bennett WB, Jett JR, Colby TV, Tazelaar H, Pairolero P, Miller R, Harris CC. 1996. Anti-p53 antibodies in sera from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can predate a diagnosis of cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2:17671775.
  • Tu H, Bonura C, Giannini C, Mouly H, Soussan P, Kew M, Paterlini-Brechot P, Brechot C, Kremsdorf D. 2001. Biological impact of natural COOH-terminal deletions of hepatitis B virus X protein in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Cancer Res 61:78037810.
  • Twu JS, Schloemer RH. 1987. Transcriptional trans-activating function of hepatitis B virus. J Virol 61:34483453.
  • Ueda H, Ullrich SJ, Gangemi JD, Kappel CA, Ngo L, Feitelson MA, Jay G. 1995. Functional inactivation but not structural mutation of p53 causes liver cancer. Nat Genet 9:4147.
  • Unsal H, Yakicier C, Marcais C, Kew M, Volkmann M, Zentgraf H, Isselbacher KJ, Ozturk M. 1994. Genetic heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:822826.
  • van der Vliet A, Eiserich JP, Halliwell B, Cross CE. 1997. Formation of reactive nitrogen species during peroxidase- catalyzed oxidation of nitrite. A potential additional mechanism of nitric oxide-dependent toxicity. J Biol Chem 272:76177625.
  • Viola PL, Bigotti A, Caputo A. 1971. Oncogenic response of rat skin, lungs, and bones to vinyl chloride. Cancer Res 31:516522.
  • Viola PL. 2001. Pathology of vinyl chloride. 1970. Med Lav 92:509515.
  • Wang J, Chenivesse X, Henglein B, Brechot C. 1990. Hepatitis B virus integration in a cyclin A gene in a hepatocellular carcinoma. Nature 343:555557.
  • Wang XW, Forrester K, Yeh H, Feitelson MA, Gu JR, Harris CC. 1994. Hepatitis B virus X protein inhibits p53 sequence-specific DNA binding, transcriptional activity, and association with transcription factor ERCC3. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:22302234.
  • Wang XW, Gibson MK, Vermeulen W, Yeh H, Forrester K, Sturzbecher HW, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Harris CC. 1995. Abrogation of p53-induced apoptosis by the hepatitis B virus X gene. Cancer Res 55:60126016.
  • Weihrauch M, Lehnert G, Kockerling F, Wittekind C, Tannapfel A. 2000. p53 mutation pattern in hepatocellular carcinoma in workers exposed to vinyl chloride. Cancer 88:10301036.
  • Wild CP, Umbenhauer D, Chapot B, Montesano R. 1986. Monitoring of individual human exposure to aflatoxins (AF) and N-nitrosamines (NNO) by immunoassays. J Cell Biochem 30:171179.
  • Wong CM, Fan ST, Ng IO. 2001. Beta-Catenin mutation and overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma: clinicopathologic and prognostic significance. Cancer 92:136145.
  • Wu CG, Salvay DM, Forgues M, Valerie K, Farnsworth J, Markin RS, Wang XW. 2001. Distinctive gene expression profiles associated with hepatitis B virus x protein. Oncogene 20:36743682.
  • Wu CG, Forgues M, Siddique S, Farnsworth J, Valerie K, Wang XW. 2002. SAGE transcript profiles of normal primary human hepatocytes expressing oncogenic hepatitis B virus X protein. FASEB J 16:16651667.
  • Xie QW, Cho HJ, Calaycay J, Mumford RA, Swiderek KM, Lee TD, Ding A, Troso T, Nathan C. 1992. Cloning and characterization of inducible nitric oxide synthase from mouse macrophages. Science 256:225228.
  • You LR, Chen CM, Lee YHW. 1999. Hepatitis C virus core protein enhances NF-kappaB signal pathway triggering by lymphotoxin-beta receptor ligand and tumor necrosis factor alpha. J Virol 73:16721681.
  • Young IS, Trouton TG, Torney JJ, McMaster D, Callender ME, Trimble ER. 1994. Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in hereditary haemochromatosis. Free Radic Biol Med 16:393397.
  • Zech B, Wilm M, van Eldik R, Brune B. 1999. Mass spectrometric analysis of nitric oxide-modified caspase-3. J Biol Chem 274:2093120936.
  • Zhou DX, Taraboulos A, Ou JH, Yen TS. 1990. Activation of class I major histocompatibility complex gene expression by hepatitis B virus. J Virol 64:40254028.
  • Zhu N, Khoshnan A, Schneider R, Matsumoto M, Dennert G, Ware C, Lai MM. 1998. Hepatitis C virus core protein binds to the cytoplasmic domain of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 and enhances TNF- induced apoptosis. J Virol 72:36913697.
  • Zhuang JC, Lin C, Lin D, Wogan GN. 1998. Mutagenesis associated with nitric oxide production in macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:82868291.
  • Zhuang JC, Wright TL, deRojas-Walker T, Tannenbaum SR, Wogan GN. 2000. Nitric oxide-induced mutations in the HPRT gene of human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells and in Salmonella typhimurium. Environ Mol Mutagen 35:3947.