Epidemiology

You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article

Active and passive smoking and breast cancer risk in middle-aged Japanese women

  1. Tomoyuki Hanaoka1,†,*,
  2. Seiichiro Yamamoto2,
  3. Tomotaka Sobue2,
  4. Satoshi Sasaki1,3,
  5. Shoichiro Tsugane1

Article first published online: 11 NOV 2004

DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20709

Issue

International Journal of Cancer

International Journal of Cancer

Volume 114, Issue 2, pages 317–322, 20 March 2005

Additional Information

How to Cite

Hanaoka, T., Yamamoto, S., Sobue, T., Sasaki, S. and Tsugane, S. (2005), Active and passive smoking and breast cancer risk in middle-aged Japanese women. International Journal of Cancer, 114: 317–322. doi: 10.1002/ijc.20709

Author Information

  1. 1

    Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan

  2. 2

    Statistics and Cancer Control Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan

  3. 3

    National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan

  1. †

    Fax: +81-3-3547-8578

*Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 18 JAN 2005
  2. Article first published online: 11 NOV 2004
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 2 SEP 2004
  4. Manuscript Received: 15 JUL 2003

Funded by

  • The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan

SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (81K)

Keywords:

  • breast neoplasms;
  • smoking;
  • passive smoking;
  • cohort study

Abstract

To examine the hypothesis that tobacco smoke is associated with the risk of female breast cancer, we estimated the relative risks of active and passive smoke in middle-aged Japanese women in a population-based prospective study. The cohort consisted of residents in 4 public health center areas, aged 40 to 59 years. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in 1990. This analysis included 21,805 subjects, 180 of whom had developed breast cancer by December 31, 1999. When the reference was defined as never-active smokers without passive smoking, adjusted relative risks (RRs) were 1.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0–3.6) in current active smokers, 1.2 (95% CI = 0.4–4.0) in ex-active smokers and 1.2 (95% CI = 0.8–1.6) in never-active smokers with passive smoking. The elevated risk for ever-smokers was clearly observed in premenopausal women at baseline (RR = 3.9, 95% CI = 1.5–9.9) but not in postmenopausal women (RR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.5–2.5). In never-active smokers, the adjusted RR for passive smoking, residential or occupational/public tobacco smoke exposure was 1.1 (95% CI = 0.8–1.6). In premenopausal women, passive smoking increased the risk (RR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.3–5.2) but not in postmenopausal women (RR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.4–1.0). We conclude that tobacco smoking increases the risk of female breast cancer in premenopausal women. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (81K)