Epidemiology

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Effect of soybean on breast cancer according to receptor status: A case–control study in Japan

  1. Takeshi Suzuki1,†,*,
  2. Keitaro Matsuo1,2,
  3. Nobuyuki Tsunoda3,
  4. Kaoru Hirose4,
  5. Akio Hiraki1,
  6. Takakazu Kawase1,
  7. Toshinari Yamashita3,
  8. Hiroji Iwata3,
  9. Hideo Tanaka1,
  10. Kazuo Tajima1,2

Article first published online: 11 JUL 2008

DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23644

Issue

International Journal of Cancer

International Journal of Cancer

Volume 123, Issue 7, pages 1674–1680, 1 October 2008

Additional Information

How to Cite

Suzuki, T., Matsuo, K., Tsunoda, N., Hirose, K., Hiraki, A., Kawase, T., Yamashita, T., Iwata, H., Tanaka, H. and Tajima, K. (2008), Effect of soybean on breast cancer according to receptor status: A case–control study in Japan. Int. J. Cancer, 123: 1674–1680. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23644

Author Information

  1. 1

    Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan

  2. 2

    Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan

  3. 3

    Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan

  4. 4

    Department of Planning and Information, Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Tsujimachi, Kita-ku, Nagoya, Japan

  1. †

    Fax: +81-52-763-5233.

*Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan

  1. †

    Fax: +81-52-763-5233.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 28 JUL 2008
  2. Article first published online: 11 JUL 2008
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 17 MAR 2008
  4. Manuscript Received: 15 FEB 2008

Funded by

  • Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology of Japan (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research)
  • Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (Grants-in-Aid for Cancer Research and Third Term Comprehensive 10-year Strategy for Cancer Control)

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Keywords:

  • breast cancer;
  • soybean;
  • hormone receptors;
  • HER2

Abstract

The possible association of high soy food consumption with low incidence of breast cancer in Asian countries has been widely investigated, but findings from epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent. Breast cancers defined by receptor status, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) may have distinct etiologic factors. Here, we conducted a case–control study to clarify associations between intake of soybean products and breast cancer risk according to receptor status. A total of 678 breast cancer cases and 3,390 age- and menopausal status-matched noncancer controls were included. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic models adjusted for potential confounders. On analysis according to receptor status, we observed a significantly reduced risk of ER-positive (ER+) (top tertile OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.58–0.94; trend p = 0.01) and HER2-negative (HER2−) tumors (top tertile OR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61–0.99; trend p = 0.04). Further, when the 3 receptors were jointly examined, a reduced risk was observed only in patients with ER+/PR+/HER2− tumor (top tertile OR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54–0.97; trend p = 0.03). These findings indicate that the protective effect of soy against breast cancer risk differs by receptor status. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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