Epidemiology

You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article

Cod liver oil, other dietary supplements and survival among cancer patients with solid tumours

  1. Guri Skeie1,†,*,
  2. Tonje Braaten1,
  3. Anette Hjartåker2,
  4. Magritt Brustad1,
  5. Eiliv Lund1

Article first published online: 11 MAR 2009

DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24422

Issue

International Journal of Cancer

International Journal of Cancer

Volume 125, Issue 5, pages 1155–1160, 1 September 2009

Additional Information

How to Cite

Skeie, G., Braaten, T., Hjartåker, A., Brustad, M. and Lund, E. (2009), Cod liver oil, other dietary supplements and survival among cancer patients with solid tumours. Int. J. Cancer, 125: 1155–1160. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24422

Author Information

  1. 1

    Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

  2. 2

    Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway

  1. †

    Fax: +47-77644831.

*Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 22 JUN 2009
  2. Article first published online: 11 MAR 2009
  3. Accepted manuscript online: 11 MAR 2009 12:00AM EST
  4. Manuscript Accepted: 26 FEB 2009
  5. Manuscript Received: 5 JAN 2009

Funded by

  • The Norwegian Foundation for Health and Rehabilitation (EXTRA funds) and the Norwegian Cancer Society

SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (105K)

References

  • 1
    Velicer CM,Ulrich CM. Vitamin and mineral supplement use among US Adults after cancer diagnosis: a systematic review. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 665–73.
  • 2
    Bjelakovic G,Nikolova D,Gluud LL,Simonetti RG,Gluud C. Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2007; 297: 842–57.
  • 3
    Huang HY,Caballero B,Chang S,Alberg AJ,Semba RD,Schneyer CR,Wilson RF,Cheng TY,Vassy J,Prokopowicz G,Barnes GJ,Bass EB. The efficacy and safety of multivitamin and mineral supplement use to prevent cancer and chronic disease in adults: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health state-of-the-science conference. Ann Intern Med 2006; 145: 372–85.
  • 4
    Bardia A,Tleyjeh IM,Cerhan JR,Sood AK,Limburg PJ,Erwin PJ,Montori VM. Efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in reducing primary cancer incidence and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc 2008; 83: 23–34.
  • 5
    Prentice RL. Clinical trials and observational studies to assess the chronic disease benefits and risks of multivitamin-multimineral supplements. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85: 308S–13S.
  • 6
    World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington, DC: AICR, 2007.
  • 7
    Zhang SM,Cook NR,Albert CM,Gaziano JM,Buring JE,Manson JE. Effect of combined folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 on cancer risk in women: a randomized trial. JAMA 2008; 300: 2012–21.
  • 8
    Lippman SM,Klein EA,Goodman PJ,Lucia MS,Thompson IM,Ford LG,Parnes HL,Minasian LM,Gaziano JM,Hartline JA,Parsons JK,Bearden JD,III, et al. Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA 2009; 301: 39–51.
  • 9
    Doyle C,Kushi LH,Byers T,Courneya KS,Demark-Wahnefried W,Grant B,McTiernan A,Rock CL,Thompson C,Gansler T,Andrews KS. Nutrition and physical activity during and after cancer treatment: an American Cancer Society guide for informed choices. CA Cancer J Clin 2006; 56: 323–53.
    Direct Link:
  • 10
    Lawenda BD,Kelly KM,Ladas EJ,Sagar SM,Vickers A,Blumberg JB. Should supplemental antioxidant administration be avoided during chemotherapy and radiation therapy? J Natl Cancer Inst 2008; 100: 773–83.
  • 11
    Brustad M,Braaten T,Lund E. Predictors for cod-liver oil supplement use—the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2004; 58: 128–36.
  • 12
    Johansson L,Drevon CA,Bjorneboe GEA. The Norwegian diet during the last hundred years in relation to coronary heart disease. Eur J Clin Nutr 1996; 50: 277–83.
  • 13
    Johansson L,Solvoll K. Norkost 1997. National dietary survey among men and women aged 16-79. National Nutrition Council, 2/1999, Oslo, Norway, 1999.
  • 14
    Haugen M,Brantsaeter AL,Alexander J,Meltzer HM. Dietary supplements contribute substantially to the total nutrient intake in pregnant Norwegian women. Ann Nutr Metab 2008; 52: 272–80.
  • 15
    Johansson L,Solvoll K,Bjorneboe GEA,Drevon CA. Dietary habits among Norwegian men and women. Scand J Nutr 1997; 41: 63–70.
  • 16
    Skeie G,Hjartaker A,Lund E. Diet among breast cancer survivors and healthy women. The Norwegian women and cancer study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 60: 1046–54.
  • 17
    Johansson LR,Solvoll K,Bjorneboe GE,Drevon CA. Intake of very-long-chain n-3 fatty acids related to social status and lifestyle. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 52: 716–21.
  • 18
    Rajakumar K,Greenspan SL,Thomas SB,Holick MF. SOLAR ultraviolet radiation and vitamin D: a historical perspective. Am J Public Health 2007; 97: 1746–54.
  • 19
    Gissi-HfInvestigators. Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2008; 372: 1223–30.
  • 20
    Mozaffarian D,Rimm EB. Fish intake, contaminants, and human health: evaluating the risks and the benefits. JAMA 2006; 296: 1885–99.
  • 21
    Wang C,Harris WS,Chung M,Lichtenstein AH,Balk EM,Kupelnick B,Jordan HS,Lau J. n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primary- and secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84: 5–17.
  • 22
    Ng K,Meyerhardt JA,Wu K,Feskanich D,Hollis BW,Giovannucci EL,Fuchs CS. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 2984–91.
  • 23
    Autier P,Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 1730–7.
  • 24
    Porojnicu AC,Robsahm TE,Dahlback A,Berg JP,Christiani D,Bruland OS,Moan J. Seasonal and geographical variations in lung cancer prognosis in Norway. Does Vitamin D from the sun play a role? Lung Cancer 2007; 55: 263–70.
  • 25
    Robsahm TE,Tretli S,Dahlback A,Moan J. Vitamin D3 from sunlight may improve the prognosis of breast-, colon- and prostate cancer (Norway). Cancer Causes Control. 2004; 15: 149–58.
  • 26
    Engelsen O,Brustad M,Aksnes L,Lund E. Daily duration of vitamin D synthesis in human skin with relation to latitude, total ozone, altitude, ground cover, aerosols and cloud thickness. Photochem Photobiol 2005; 81: 1287–90.
    Direct Link:
  • 27
    Macdonald HM,Mavroeidi A,Barr RJ,Black AJ,Fraser WD,Reid DM. Vitamin D status in postmenopausal women living at higher latitudes in the UK in relation to bone health, overweight, sunlight exposure and dietary vitamin D. Bone 2008; 42: 996–1003.
  • 28
    Brustad M,Alsaker E,Engelsen O,Aksnes L,Lund E. Vitamin D status of middle-aged women at 65-71 degrees N in relation to dietary intake and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Public Health Nutr 2004; 7: 327–35.
  • 29
    Lund E,Kumle M,Braaten T,Hjartaker A,Bakken K,Eggen E,Gram TI. External validity in a population-based national prospective study—the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC). Cancer Causes Control 2003; 14: 1001–8.
  • 30
    Hjartaker A,Lund E. Relationship between dietary habits, age, lifestyle, and socio-economic status among adult Norwegian women. The Norwegian women and cancer study. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 52: 565–72.
  • 31
    Hjartaker A,Lund E,Bjerve KS. Serum phospholipid fatty acid composition and habitual intake of marine foods registered by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997; 51: 736–42.
  • 32
    Hjartaker A,Andersen LF,Lund E. Comparison of diet measures from a food-frequency questionnaire with measures from repeated 24-hour dietary recalls. The Norwegian women and cancer study. Public Health Nutr 2007; 10: 1094–103.
  • 33
    Parr CL,Veierod MB,Laake P,Lund E,Hjartaker A. Test-retest reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and estimated effects on disease risk in the Norwegian women and cancer study (NOWAC). Nutr J 2006; 5: 4.
  • 34
    National Nutrition Council, National Food Control Authorities, Institute for nutrition research UoO. Den store matvaretabellen/The big food composition table, 2nd edn. Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag ASA, 2001.
  • 35
    Jatoi A,Daly BDT,Kramer G,Mason JB. A cross-sectional study of vitamin intake in postoperative non-small cell lung cancer patients. J Surg Oncol 1998; 68: 231–6.
    Direct Link:
  • 36
    Jatoi A,Williams B,Nichols F,Marks R,Aubry MC,Wampfler J,Finke EE,Yang P. Is voluntary vitamin and mineral supplementation associated with better outcome in non-small cell lung cancer patients?: results from the Mayo Clinic lung cancer cohort. Lung Cancer 2005; 49: 77–84.
  • 37
    Jatoi A,Williams BA,Marks R,Nichols FC,Aubry MC,Wampfler J,Yang P. Exploring vitamin and mineral supplementation and purported clinical effects in patients with small cell lung cancer: results from the Mayo Clinic Lung Cancer Cohort. Nutr Cancer 2005; 51: 7–12.
  • 38
    Zhou W,Heist RS,Liu G,Asomaning K,Neuberg DS,Hollis BW,Wain JC,Lynch TJ,Giovannucci E,Su L,Christiani DC. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels predict survival in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 479–85.
  • 39
    Heist RS,Zhou W,Wang ZX,Liu G,Neuberg D,Su L,Asomaning K,Hollis BW,Lynch TJ,Wain JC,Giovannucci E,Christiani DC. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D VDR polymorphisms, and survival in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 5596–602.
  • 40
    Tewari N,Martin-Ucar AE,Black E,Beggs L,Beggs FD,Duffy JP,Morgan WE. Nutritional status affects long term survival after lobectomy for lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2007; 57: 389–94.
  • 41
    Veierod MB,Laake P,Thelle DS. Dietary fat intake and risk of lung cancer: a prospective study of 51,452 Norwegian men and women. Eur J Cancer Prev 1997; 6: 540–9.
  • 42
    Darby S,Whitley E,Doll R,Key T,Silcocks P. Diet, smoking and lung cancer: a case-control study of 1000 cases and 1500 controls in South-West England. Br J Cancer 2001; 84: 728.
  • 43
    Goodman GE,Alberts DS,Meyskens FL. Retinol vitamins, and cancer prevention: 25 years of learning and relearning. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 5495–6.
  • 44
    Hercberg S,Czernichow S,Galan P. Antioxidant vitamins and minerals in prevention of cancers: lessons from the SU.VI.MAX study. Br J Nutr 2006; 96: S28–S30.
  • 45
    Hercberg S,Galan P,Preziosi P,Bertrais S,Mennen L,Malvy D,Roussel AM,Favier A,Briancon S. The SU.VI.MAX study: a randomized placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 2335–42.
  • 46
    Agudo A,Slimani N,Ocke MC,Naska A,Miller AB,Kroke A,Bamia C,Karalis D,Vineis P,Palli D,Bueno-de-Mesquita HB,Peeters PH, et al. Consumption of vegetables, fruit and other plant foods in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts from 10 European countries. Public Health Nutr 2002; 5: 1179–96.
  • 47
    Jenab M,Salvini S,van Gils CH,Brustad M,Shakya-Shrestha S,Buijsse B,Verhagen H,Touvier M,Biessy C,Wallstrom P,Boukaert K,Lund E, et al. Dietary intakes of retinol, β-carotene, vitamin D and vitamin E in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Eur J Clin Nutr, in press.
  • 48
    Olsen A,Halkjær J,van Gils CH,Buijsse B,Verhagen H,Jenab M,Boutron-Ruault MC,Ericson U,Ocke MC,Peeters PHM,Touvier M,Niravong M, et al. Dietary intake of the water-soluble vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12 and C in 10 countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Eur J Clin Nutr, in press.
  • 49
    Slimani N,Kaaks R,Ferrari P,Casagrande C,Clavel-Chapelon F,Lotze G,Kroke A,Trichopoulos D,Trichopoulou A,Lauria C,Bellegotti M,Ocke MC, et al. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration study: rationale, design and population characteristics. Public Health Nutr 2002; 5: 1125–45.
  • 50
    Cruz JA,Moreiras-Varela O,van Staveren WA,Trichopoulou A,Roszkowski W. Intake of vitamins and minerals. Euronut SENECA investigators. Eur J Clin Nutr 1991; 45 ( Suppl 3): 121–38.
  • 51
    de Jong N,Ocke MC,Branderhorst HA,Friele R. Demographic and lifestyle characteristics of functional food consumers and dietary supplement users. Br J Nutr 2003; 89: 273–81.
  • 52
    Knudsen VK,Rasmussen LB,Haraldsdottir J,Ovesen L,Bulow I,Knudsen N,Jorgensen T,Laurberg P,Perrild H. Use of dietary supplements in Denmark is associated with health and former smoking. Public Health Nutr 2002; 5: 463–8.
  • 53
    Patterson RE,Neuhouser ML,White E,Hunt JR,Kristal AR. Cancer-related behavior of vitamin supplement users. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998; 7: 79–81.
  • 54
    Reinert A,Rohrmann S,Becker N,Linseisen J. Lifestyle and diet in people using dietary supplements. Eur J Nutr 2007; 46: 165–73.
  • 55
    Touvier M,Kesse E,Volatier JL,Clavel-Chapelon F,Boutron-Ruault MC. Dietary and cancer-related behaviors of vitamin/mineral dietary supplement users in a large cohort of French women. Eur J Nutr 2006; 45: 205–14.
  • 56
    Wallström P,Elmståhl S,Hanson B,Östergren P,Johansson U,Janzon L,Larsson S. Demographic and psychosocial characteristics of middle-aged women and men who use dietary supplements. Results from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Eur J Public Health 1996; 6: 188–95.
View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (105K)