Research Article

Raman spectroscopy as a detection and analysis tool for in vitro specific targeting of pancreatic cancer cells by EGF-conjugated, single-walled carbon nanotubes

  1. Alokita Karmakar1,
  2. Cornel Iancu2,
  3. Dana Monica Bartos2,
  4. Meena W. Mahmood1,
  5. Anindya Ghosh3,
  6. Yang Xu1,
  7. Enkeleda Dervishi1,
  8. Samuel L. Collom3,
  9. Mariya Khodakovskaya1,
  10. Thikra Mustafa1,
  11. Fumiya Watanabe1,
  12. Alexandru R. Biris4,
  13. Yongbin Zhang5,
  14. Syed F. Ali5,
  15. Dan Casciano1,*,
  16. Samar Hassen1,
  17. Zeid Nima1,
  18. Alexandru S. Biris1,*

Article first published online: 6 DEC 2011

DOI: 10.1002/jat.1742

Issue

Journal of Applied Toxicology

Journal of Applied Toxicology

Volume 32, Issue 5, pages 365–375, May 2012

Additional Information

How to Cite

Karmakar, A., Iancu, C., Bartos, D. M., Mahmood, M. W., Ghosh, A., Xu, Y., Dervishi, E., Collom, S. L., Khodakovskaya, M., Mustafa, T., Watanabe, F., Biris, A. R., Zhang, Y., Ali, S. F., Casciano, D., Hassen, S., Nima, Z. and Biris, A. S. (2012), Raman spectroscopy as a detection and analysis tool for in vitro specific targeting of pancreatic cancer cells by EGF-conjugated, single-walled carbon nanotubes. J. Appl. Toxicol., 32: 365–375. doi: 10.1002/jat.1742

Author Information

  1. 1

    University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Applied Science Department, Nanotechnology Center, Little Rock, AR, USA

  2. 2

    University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’, Surgery Clinic III, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

  3. 3

    University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Chemistry Department, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA

  4. 4

    National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

  5. 5

    National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA

*D. Casciano, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Applied Science Department, Nanotechnology Center, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.
E-mail: dacasciano@ualr.edu, asbiris@ualr.edu
A. Biris, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Applied Science Department, Nanotechnology Center, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.
Email: asbiris@ualr.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 23 MAR 2012
  2. Article first published online: 6 DEC 2011
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 23 AUG 2011
  4. Manuscript Revised: 10 AUG 2011
  5. Manuscript Received: 1 JUN 2011

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Keywords:

  • cancer cells;
  • targeting;
  • EGF;
  • SWCNTs;
  • photothermolysis

ABSTRACT

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were covalently linked to epidermal growth factor (EGF) proteins through an esterification process that was found to be responsible for the docking of SWCNTs on the human pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1) surface, thus providing a mechanism for the enhanced delivery and internalization of the nanotubes. Micro Raman spectroscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate the delivery process and kinetics of the SWCNTs. In vitro studies indicated that the delivery kinetics of SWCNT–EGF conjugates, at a concentration of 85 µg ml−1, to the PANC-1 cell surfaces was significant in the first 30 min of incubation, but reached a plateau with time in accordance with the establishment of equilibrium between the association and the dissociation of EGF with the cell receptors. SWCNT–EGF conjugates could act as strong thermal ablation agents and could induce higher percentages of cellular death compared with the nontargeted SWCNTs alone. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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