In vitro cytotoxicity of single-walled carbon nanotube/biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

  1. Xinfeng Shi1,2,
  2. Balaji Sitharaman1,2,3,
  3. Quynh P. Pham1,
  4. Patrick P. Spicer1,4,
  5. Jared L. Hudson2,3,
  6. Lon J. Wilson2,3,
  7. James M. Tour2,3,5,
  8. Robert M. Raphael1,
  9. Antonios G. Mikos1,2,*

Article first published online: 27 NOV 2007

DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31671

Issue

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A

Volume 86A, Issue 3, pages 813–823, 1 September 2008

Additional Information

How to Cite

Shi, X., Sitharaman, B., Pham, Q. P., Spicer, P. P., Hudson, J. L., Wilson, L. J., Tour, J. M., Raphael, R. M. and Mikos, A. G. (2008), In vitro cytotoxicity of single-walled carbon nanotube/biodegradable polymer nanocomposites. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 86A: 813–823. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.31671

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS-142, Houston, Texas 77251-1892

  2. 2

    The Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS-100, Houston, Texas 77251-1892

  3. 3

    Department of Chemistry, Rice University, MS-60, Houston, Texas 77251-1892

  4. 4

    Baylor College of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, One Baylor Plaza, N201, BCM215, Houston, Texas 77030-7498

  5. 5

    Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Rice University, MS-321, Houston, Texas 77251-1892

*Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, MS-142, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 16 JUL 2008
  2. Article first published online: 27 NOV 2007
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 23 JUL 2007
  4. Manuscript Revised: 6 JUN 2007
  5. Manuscript Received: 31 MAR 2007

Funded by

  • National Institutes of Health. Grant Numbers: R01 AR42639, R01 DE15164
  • Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative of the National Science Foundation. Grant Number: EEC-0118001
  • National Science Foundation. Grant Number: DMR 9875321
  • The Robert A. Welch Foundation
  • AFOSR
  • NASA
  • ONR

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Keywords:

  • cytotoxicity;
  • single-walled carbon nanotube;
  • biodegradable polymer;
  • nanocomposite;
  • bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Injectable nanocomposites made of biodegradable poly(propylene fumarate) and the crosslinking agent propylene fumarate–diacrylate as well as each of three forms of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity. Unreacted components, crosslinked networks, and degradation products of the nanocomposites were investigated for their effects on cell viability using a fibroblast cell line in vitro. The results did not reveal any in vitro cytotoxicity for purified SWNTs, SWNTs functionalized with 4-tert-butylphenylene, and ultra-short SWNTs at 1– 100 μg/mL concentrations. Moreover, nearly 100% cell viability was observed on all crosslinked nanocomposites and cell attachment on their surfaces was comparable with that on tissue culture polystyrene. The degradation products of the nanocomposites displayed a dose-dependent adverse effect on cells, which was partially due to increased osmolarity by the conditions of accelerated degradation and could be overcome at diluted concentrations. These results demonstrate that all three tested nanocomposites have favorable cytocompatibility for potential use as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008

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