Titanium dioxide nanotubes enhance bone bonding in vivo

  1. Lars M. Bjursten1,2,*,
  2. Lars Rasmusson3,
  3. Seunghan Oh4,5,
  4. Garrett C. Smith1,2,
  5. Karla S. Brammer4,
  6. Sungho Jin4,*

Article first published online: 2 APR 2009

DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32463

Issue

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A

Volume 92A, Issue 3, pages 1218–1224, 1 March 2010

Additional Information

How to Cite

Bjursten, L. M., Rasmusson, L., Oh, S., Smith, G. C., Brammer, K. S. and Jin, S. (2010), Titanium dioxide nanotubes enhance bone bonding in vivo. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 92A: 1218–1224. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.32463

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California

  2. 2

    Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

  3. 3

    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Sahlgrenska Academy of University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

  4. 4

    Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California

  5. 5

    Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea

*Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 19 JAN 2010
  2. Article first published online: 2 APR 2009
  3. Manuscript Revised: 17 DEC 2008
  4. Manuscript Accepted: 17 DEC 2008
  5. Manuscript Received: 22 AUG 2008

Funded by

  • Region Skåne, Sweden (ALF)
  • von Liebig Center for Entrepreneurship Foundation
  • Iwama Endowed Fund at the University of California San Diego
  • Whitaker International Fellowship Program

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Keywords:

  • titanium dioxide nanotube;
  • bone implant;
  • osseointegration;
  • mechanical strength;
  • histology

Abstract

Implant topography is critical to the clinical success of bone-anchored implants, yet little is known how nano-modified implant topography affects osseointegration. We investigate the in vivo bone bonding of two titanium implant surfaces: titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes and TiO2 gritblasted surfaces. In previous in vitro studies, the topography of the TiO2 nanotubes improved osteoblast proliferation and adhesion compared with gritblasted titanium surfaces. After four weeks of implantation in rabbit tibias, pull-out testing indicated that TiO2 nanotubes significantly improved bone bonding strength by as much as nine-fold compared with TiO2 gritblasted surfaces. Histological analysis confirmed greater bone-implant contact area, new bone formation, and calcium and phosphorus levels on the nanotube surfaces. It is anticipated that further studies will contribute to a better understanding of the effect of implant nanotopography on in vivo bone formation and bonding strength. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010

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