Research Article

Depression and the subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study†‡

  1. Fang Fang MD1,2,
  2. Qun Xu PhD1,
  3. Yikyung Park ScD3,
  4. Xuemei Huang MD, PhD4,
  5. Albert Hollenbeck PhD5,
  6. Aaron Blair PhD6,
  7. Arthur Schatzkin MD, PhD3,
  8. Freya Kamel PhD1,§,
  9. Honglei Chen MD, PhD1,§,*

Article first published online: 22 MAR 2010

DOI: 10.1002/mds.23092

Issue

Movement Disorders

Movement Disorders

Volume 25, Issue 9, pages 1157–1162, 15 July 2010

Additional Information

How to Cite

Fang, F., Xu, Q., Park, Y., Huang, X., Hollenbeck, A., Blair, A., Schatzkin, A., Kamel, F. and Chen, H. (2010), Depression and the subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Mov. Disord., 25: 1157–1162. doi: 10.1002/mds.23092

Author Information

  1. 1

    Epidemiology Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

  2. 2

    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

  3. 3

    Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Mary land, USA

  4. 4

    Department of Neurology, Radiology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Kinesiology & Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA

  5. 5

    AARP, Washington DC, USA

  6. 6

    Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA

  1. §

    Freya Kamel and Honglei Chen contributed equally to this work

*Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr. PO Box 12233, Mail drop - A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

  1. †

    Ethical approval: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the National Cancer Institute.

  2. ‡

    Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.

  3. §

    Freya Kamel and Honglei Chen contributed equally to this work

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 19 JUL 2010
  2. Article first published online: 22 MAR 2010
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 18 FEB 2010
  4. Manuscript Revised: 11 DEC 2009
  5. Manuscript Received: 22 SEP 2009

Funded by

  • Intramural Research Program of the NIH
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Grant Number: Z01-ES-101986
  • National Institute of Cancer. Grant Number: Z01-CP010196-02
  • NIH. Grant Number: NS060722

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Keywords:

  • depression;
  • Parkinson's disease;
  • odds ratio

Abstract

We conducted a case-control study to examine the association between depression and Parkinson's disease (PD). Participants included 992 PD cases diagnosed after 2,000 and 279,958 individuals without PD from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study follow-up survey. Physician-diagnosed depression and PD were self-reported with information on the year of diagnosis in the following categories: before 1985, 1985–1994, 1995–1999, and 2000–present. Only PD cases diagnosed after 2000 were included in the analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from logistic regression models, adjusted for age, gender, educational level, marital status, smoking, and coffee drinking. Individuals with depression diagnosed after 2000 were more likely to report a concurrent diagnosis of PD than those without depression (OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 3.9, 5.7). Depression diagnosed before 2000 was also associated with higher odds of PD diagnosed after 2000 (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.6, 2.4). This association was stronger for depression diagnosed in 1995–1999 (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 2.0, 3.6), but was also noted for depression diagnosed in 1985–1994 (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1, 2.3) or even before 1985 (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.3, 2.3). This association was not modified by other factors and persisted in an analysis excluding participants who reported poor health status. The results suggest that depression may either be a very early symptom of PD or share common etiological factors with PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society

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