Taken in part from the PhD thesis of H. Álvarez.
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Research Article
HPLC Determination of the Major Active Flavonoids and GC–MS Analysis of Volatile Components of Dysphania graveolens (Amaranthaceae)†
Article first published online: 5 OCT 2012
DOI: 10.1002/pca.2405
Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Additional Information
How to Cite
Álvarez-Ospina, H., Rivero Cruz, I., Duarte, G., Bye, R. and Mata, R. (2013), HPLC Determination of the Major Active Flavonoids and GC–MS Analysis of Volatile Components of Dysphania graveolens (Amaranthaceae). Phytochem. Anal., 24: 248–254. doi: 10.1002/pca.2405
- †
Publication History
- Issue published online: 16 APR 2013
- Article first published online: 5 OCT 2012
- Manuscript Accepted: 4 SEP 2012
- Manuscript Revised: 28 AUG 2012
- Manuscript Received: 7 MAY 2012
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
Keywords:
- HPLC–DAD;
- quantification;
- essential oil;
- flavonoids;
- Amaranthaceae;
- Dysphania graveolens;
- Dysphania ambrosioides
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Dysphania graveolens is used mainly in Mexican traditional medicine against gastrointestinal ailments. Previous investigations revealed that its flavonoids are important active principles; however, there is not a reliable and accurate analytical method for determining these compounds in the crude drug or preparations of the plant. In addition, its volatile chemical composition remains unknown.
Objective
The main goals were to develop a validated HPLC method for quantifying the active flavonoids (pinostrobin (1), pinocembrin (2) and chrysin (3)) of D. graveolens and to establish its volatile composition.
Methodology
Separation was carried out on a Licrospher100 RP18 column with a linear gradient acetonitrile 0.1% formic acid and aqueous 0.1% formic acid. Accuracy was determined by spiking the crude drug with the standards, the recoveries were between 99% and 101%. A systematic description of the volatile components of D. graveolens was assessed via GC–MS using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS–SPME) and hydrodistillation extraction methods.
Results
The developed HPLC method represented a powerful technique for the quality control of D. graveolens allowing the quantification of the three active flavonoids. For each compound a linear response was evaluated within the range of 0.5–2.0 mg/mL for pinostrobin (1), 0.25–1.25 mg/mL for pinocembrin (2) and 0.05–0.5 mg/mL for chrysin (3). According to SPME the major components in D. graveolens were p-cymene (84.85%) and eucalyptol (11.26%). On the other hand, the essential oil had eucalyptol (42.89%) and p-cymene (16.51%) and did not contain ascaridol. Thus the most relevant volatile components in the species were monoterpenoids. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.