Original Article

CODE-2 UK: our contribution to a European study of the costs of type 2 diabetes†

  1. R. Williams MA, PhD, FFPHM, FRCP Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health1,*,
  2. H. Baxter MPH Research Fellow1,
  3. J. Bottomley PhD Health Economist2,
  4. J. Bibby BSc, MBChB, DCH, DRCOG, MRCGP General Practitioner General practice3,
  5. E. Burns Informatics Development Manager: Primary Care/Chronic Disease4,
  6. J. Harvey MSc, FFPHM Director of Public Health Services5,
  7. R. Sheaves BMBCh Consultant Physician5,
  8. R. Young MD, FRCP Consultant physician4

Article first published online: 19 OCT 2001

DOI: 10.1002/pdi.238

Issue

Practical Diabetes International

Practical Diabetes International

Volume 18, Issue 7, pages 235–238, September 2001

Additional Information

How to Cite

Williams, R., Baxter, H., Bottomley, J., Bibby, J., Burns, E., Harvey, J., Sheaves, R. and Young, R. (2001), CODE-2 UK: our contribution to a European study of the costs of type 2 diabetes. Practical Diabetes International, 18: 235–238. doi: 10.1002/pdi.238

Author Information

  1. 1

    Nuffield Institute for Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

  2. 2

    Department of Health Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Welwyn Garden City, UK

  3. 3

    Windhill Green Medical Centre, Shipley, Bradford, UK

  4. 4

    Diabetes Centre, Hope Hospital, Salford, UK

  5. 5

    Public Health Services, Health and Social Services, St Helier, Jersey, UK

*University of Leeds Nuffield Institute for Health, 71–75 Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9PL, UK.

  • †

    CODE-2 (The Cost of Diabetes in Europe – Type 2) is a registered trade mark of GlaxoSmithKline Ltd.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 19 OCT 2001
  2. Article first published online: 19 OCT 2001
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 6 JUN 2001
  4. Manuscript Received: 8 MAY 2001

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Keywords:

  • Diabetes;
  • type 2 diabetes;
  • health care costs;
  • economics;
  • costs

Abstract

CODE-2 UK is the UK contribution to the Cost of Diabetes in Europe – Type 2 (CODE-2) study, the first to examine the health care resource use of people with type 2 diabetes in more than one European country. CODE-2 UK studied samples of people with type 2 diabetes from population based registers in Bradford, Jersey and Salford. Data on NHS resource use were obtained retrospectively, covering the period 1 January 1998 to 31 December 1998, from the registers and from primary and secondary care records. Hospital admissions and ambulatory care accounted for 36.2% and 37.7% of total direct costs, which were, on average, £1505 per patient per year. Oral anti-diabetic drugs accounted for 2.7% of total costs. Based on these data and an estimated prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the UK of 2%, the estimated total annual NHS cost of type 2 diabetes is £1.8 billion or 4.1% of total NHS expenditure. Similar findings were evident in other European countries. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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