Research Article

Synthesis of rosin-based flexible anhydride-type curing agents and properties of the cured epoxy

  1. Honghua Wang1,2,
  2. Xiaoqing Liu1,2,
  3. Bo Liu1,
  4. Jinwen Zhang1,*,
  5. Ming Xian2

Article first published online: 2 SEP 2009

DOI: 10.1002/pi.2680

Issue

Polymer International

Polymer International

Volume 58, Issue 12, pages 1435–1441, December 2009

Additional Information

How to Cite

Wang, H., Liu, X., Liu, B., Zhang, J. and Xian, M. (2009), Synthesis of rosin-based flexible anhydride-type curing agents and properties of the cured epoxy. Polym. Int., 58: 1435–1441. doi: 10.1002/pi.2680

Author Information

  1. 1

    Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, PO Box 641806, Pullman, WA 99164, USA

  2. 2

    Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, PO Box 641806, Pullman, WA 99164, USA

*Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, PO Box 641806, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 9 NOV 2009
  2. Article first published online: 2 SEP 2009
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 28 MAY 2009
  4. Manuscript Revised: 12 MAY 2009
  5. Manuscript Received: 1 APR 2009

Funded by

  • Washington State Legislature Agriculture Emerging Issues

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Keywords:

  • bio-based;
  • rosin acid;
  • curing agent;
  • epoxy;
  • polyester anhydride

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although rosin acid derivatives have received attention in polymer synthesis in recent years, to the best of our knowledge, they have rarely been employed as epoxy curing agents. The objective of the study reported here was to synthesize rosin-based flexible anhydride-type curing agents and demonstrate that the flexibility of a cured epoxy resin can be manipulated by selection of rosin-based anhydride-type curing agents with appropriate molecular rigidity/flexibility.

RESULTS: Maleopimarate-terminated low molecular weight polycaprolactones (PCLs) were synthesized and studied as anhydride-type curing agents for epoxy curing. The chemical structures of the products were confirmed using 1H NMR spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Mechanical and thermal properties of the cured epoxy resins were studied. The results indicate that both the epoxy/anhydride equivalent ratio and the molecular weight of PCL diol play important roles in the properties of cured resins.

CONCLUSION: Rosin-based anhydride-terminated polyesters could be used as bio-based epoxy curing agents. A broad spectrum of mechanical and thermal properties of the cured epoxy resins can be obtained by varying the molecular length of the polyester segment and the epoxy/curing agent ratio. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry

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