Catalysts for the diffusion of photovoltaics — A review of selected programmes

Abstract

The diffusion of photovoltaics still rests strongly on the availability of suitable support programmes. This suggests a closer look at their function as a catalyst for the spread of the technology. The paper defines this function, gives hints for the programme design, and identifies six different variables of a catalyst. These are then related to concrete programmes in Germany and Switzerland, the two countries showing the highest diffusion of photovoltaics in Europe. The analysis embraces the ‘1000 Roofs Programme’, ‘rate-based incentives’, ‘utility programmes’ and ‘large scale photovoltaic programmes’. In spanning the last decade the study provides a historic perspective unfolding from the past to the present. A variety of programmes are compared so as to determine their effect on the actual installation of photovoltaics. The paper elucidates some of the inner structure of programmes and portrays their changing landscape and approaches in space and time. Thus, it may serve as a decision aid for the design of future programmes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.