SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

References

  • 1
    Aimi J, Qiu H, Williams J, Zalkin H, Dixon JE ( 1990) De novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis: cloning of human and avian cDNAs encoding the trifunctional glycinamide ribonucleotide synthetase-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase-glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase by functional complementation in E. coli. Nucleic Acids Res 18: 66656672.
  • 2
    Kan JL, Jannatipour M, Taylor SM, Moran RG ( 1993) Mouse cDNAs encoding a trifunctional protein of de novo purine synthesis and a related single-domain glycinamide ribonucleotide synthetase. Gene 137: 195202.
  • 3
    Doolittle RF, Bork P ( 1993) Evolutionarily mobile modules in proteins. Sci Am 269: 5056.
  • 4
    Scott KA, Steward A, Fowler SB, Clarke J ( 2002) Titin: a multidomain protein that behaves as the sum of its parts. J Mol Biol 315: 819829.
  • 5
    Mainfroid V, Goraj K, Rentier-Delrue F, Houbrechts A, Loiseau A, Gohimont AC, Noble ME, Borchert TV, Wierenga RK, Martial JA ( 1993) Replacing the (beta alpha)-unit 8 of E. coli TIM with its chicken homologue leads to a stable and active hybrid enzyme. Protein Eng 6: 893900.
  • 6
    Lang D, Thoma R, Henn-Sax M, Sterner R, Wilmanns M ( 2000) Structural evidence for evolution of the beta/alpha barrel scaffold by gene duplication and fusion. Science 289: 15461550.
  • 7
    Hocker B, Beismann-Driemeyer S, Hettwer S, Lustig A, Sterner R ( 2001) Dissection of a (betaalpha)8-barrel enzyme into two folded halves. Nat Struct Biol 8: 3236.
  • 8
    Hocker B, Claren J, Sterner R ( 2004) Mimicking enzyme evolution by generating new (betaalpha)8-barrels from (betaalpha)4-half-barrels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 1644816453.
  • 9
    Vogel C, Bashton M, Kerrison ND, Chothia C, Teichmann SA ( 2004) Structure, function and evolution of multidomain proteins. Curr Opin Struct Biol 14: 208216.
  • 10
    Ostermeier M, Benkovic SJ ( 2000) Evolution of protein function by domain swapping. Adv Protein Chem 55: 2977.
  • 11
    Galperin MY, Koonin EV ( 1997) A diverse superfamily of enzymes with ATP-dependent carboxylate-amine/thiol ligase activity. Protein Sci 6: 26392643.
  • 12
    Waldrop GL, Rayment I, Holden HM ( 1994) Three-dimensional structure of the biotin carboxylase subunit of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Biochemistry 33: 1024910256.
  • 13
    Thoden JB, Holden HM, Wesenberg G, Raushel FM, Rayment I ( 1997) Structure of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: a journey of 96 A from substrate to product. Biochemistry 36: 63056316.
  • 14
    Yamaguchi H, Kato H, Hata Y, Nishioka T, Kimura A, Oda J, Katsube Y ( 1993) Three-dimensional structure of the glutathione synthetase from Escherichia coli B at 2.0 A resolution. J Mol Biol 229: 10831100.
  • 15
    Wolodko WT, Fraser ME, James MN, Bridger WA ( 1994) The crystal structure of succinyl-CoA synthetase from Escherichia coli at 2.5-A resolution. J Biol Chem 269: 1088310890.
  • 16
    Fan C, Moews PC, Walsh CT, Knox JR ( 1994) Vancomycin resistance: structure of D-alanine:D-alanine ligase at 2.3 A resolution. Science 266: 439443.
  • 17
    Wang W, Kappock TJ, Stubbe J, Ealick SE ( 1998) X-ray crystal structure of glycinamide ribonucleotide synthetase from Escherichia coli. Biochemistry 37: 1564715662.
  • 18
    Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE ( 1998) Protein structure alignment by incremental combinatorial extension (CE) of the optimal path. Protein Eng 11: 739747.
  • 19
    Thoden JB, Kappock TJ, Stubbe J, Holden HM ( 1999) Three-dimensional structure of N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase: a member of the ATP grasp protein superfamily. Biochemistry 38: 1548015492.
  • 20
    Thoden JB, Firestine SM, Nixon A, Benkovic SJ, Holden HM ( 2000) Molecular structure of Escherichia coli PurT-encoded glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase. Biochemistry 39: 87918802.
  • 21
    Thoden JB, Firestine SM, Benkovic SJ, Holden HM ( 2002) PurT-encoded glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase: accomodation of adenosine nucleotide analogs within the active site. J Biol Chem 277: 2389823908.
  • 22
    Marolewski AE, Mattia KM, Warren MS, Benkovic SJ ( 1997) Formyl phosphate: a proposed intermediate in the reaction catalyzed by Escherichia coli PurT GAR transformylase. Biochemistry 36: 67096716.
  • 23
    Marolewski A, Smith JM, Benkovic SJ ( 1994) Cloning and characterization of a new purine biosynthetic enzyme: a non-folate glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase from E. coli. Biochemistry 33: 25312537.
  • 24
    Mueller EJ, Meyer E, Rudolph J, Davisson VJ, Stubbe J ( 1994) N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide: evidence for a new intermediate and two new enzymatic activities in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway of Escherichia coli. Biochemistry 33: 22692278.
  • 25
    Sauers CK, Jencks WP, Groh S ( 1975) Alcohol-bicarbonate-water system. Structure-reactivity studies on the equilibriums for formation of alkyl monocarbonates and on the rates of their decomposition in aqueous alkali. J Am Chem Soc 97: 55465553.
  • 26
    Nixon AE, Warren MS, Benkovic SJ ( 1997) Assembly of an active enzyme by the linkage of two protein modules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 10691073.
  • 27
    Inglese J, Johnson DL, Shiau A, Smith JM, Benkovic SJ ( 1990) Subcloning, characterization, and affinity labeling of Escherichia coli glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase. Biochemistry 29: 14361443.
  • 28
    Klein C, Chen P, Arevalo JH, Stura EA, Marolewski A, Warren MS, Benkovic SJ, Wilson IA ( 1995) Towards structure-based drug design: crystal structure of a multisubstrate adduct complex of glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase at 1.96 A resolution. J Mol Biol 249: 153175.
  • 29
    Nixon AE, Benkovic SJ ( 2000) Improvement in the efficiency of formyl transfer of a GAR transformylase hybrid enzyme. Protein Eng 13: 323327.
  • 30
    Ostermeier M, Shim JH, Benkovic SJ ( 1999) A combinatorial approach to hybrid enzymes independent of DNA homology. Nat Biotechnol 17: 12051209.
  • 31
    Sorensen IS, Dandanell G ( 1997) Identification and sequence analysis of Sulfolobus solfataricus purE and purK genes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 154: 173180.
  • 32
    Datsenko KA, Wanner BL ( 2000) One-step inactivation of chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli K-12 using PCR products. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 66406645.
  • 33
    Meyer E, Leonard NJ, Bhat B, Stubbe J, Smith JM ( 1992) Purification and characterization of the purE, purK, and purC gene products: identification of a previously unrecognized energy requirement in the purine biosynthetic pathway. Biochemistry 31: 50225032.
  • 34
    Thoden JB, Holden HM, Firestine SM ( 2008) Structural analysis of the active site geometry of N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase from Escherichia coli. Biochemistry 47: 1334613353.
  • 35
    Gots JS, Benson CE, Jochimson B, Koduri KR. Microbial models and regulatory elements in the control of purine metabolism. In: ElliottK, FitzsimonsDW, Eds. ( 1976) Purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp 2342.
  • 36
    Lutz S, Benkovic SJ ( 2000) Homology-independent protein engineering. Curr Opin Biotechnol 11: 319324.
  • 37
    Mootz HD, Marahiel MR ( 1999) Design and application of multimodular peptide synthetases. Curr Opin Biotechnol 10: 341348.
  • 38
    Nygaard P, Smith JM ( 1993) Evidence for a novel glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 175: 35913597.
  • 39
    Ho SN, Hunt HD, Horton RM, Pullen JK, Pease LR ( 1989) Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction. Gene 77: 5159.
  • 40
    Lutz S, Ostermeier M, Benkovic SJ ( 2001) Rapid generation of incremental truncation libraries for protein engineering using alpha-phosphothioate nucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res 29(4): E16.
  • 41
    Pechere JF, Capony JP ( 1967) On the colorimetric determination of acyl phosphate. Anal Biochem 22: 536539.
  • 42
    Kappock TJ, Ealick SE, Stubbe J ( 2000) Modular evolution of the purine biosynthetic pathway. Curr Opin Chem Biol 4: 567572.