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In Vivo MRI Detection of Gliomas by Chlorotoxin-Conjugated Superparamagnetic Nanoprobes

  1. Conroy Sun1,
  2. Omid Veiseh1,
  3. Jonathan Gunn1,
  4. Chen Fang1,
  5. Stacey Hansen5,
  6. Donghoon Lee Dr.2,
  7. Raymond Sze Dr.3,
  8. Richard G. Ellenbogen Prof.4,
  9. Jim Olson Dr.5,
  10. Miqin Zhang Prof.1

Article first published online: 29 JAN 2008

DOI: 10.1002/smll.200700784

Issue

Small

Small

Volume 4, Issue 3, pages 372–379, March 3, 2008

Additional Information

How to Cite

Sun, C., Veiseh, O., Gunn, J., Fang, C., Hansen, S., Lee, D., Sze, R., Ellenbogen, R. G., Olson, J. and Zhang, M. (2008), In Vivo MRI Detection of Gliomas by Chlorotoxin-Conjugated Superparamagnetic Nanoprobes . Small, 4: 372–379. doi: 10.1002/smll.200700784

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA, Fax: (+1) 206-543-3100

  2. 2

    Department of Radiology, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA

  3. 3

    Diagnostic Imaging & Radiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, 20010, USA

  4. 4

    Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA

  5. 5

    Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA, Fax: (+1) 206-667-2917

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 26 FEB 2008
  2. Article first published online: 29 JAN 2008
  3. Manuscript Received: 30 AUG 2007

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Keywords:

  • biomaterials;
  • cancer;
  • imaging;
  • nanoparticles;
  • nanotechnology

Abstract

Converging advances in the development of nanoparticle-based imaging probes and improved understanding of the molecular biology of brain tumors offer the potential to provide physicians with new tools for the diagnosis and treatment of these deadly diseases. However, the effectiveness of promising nanoparticle technologies is currently limited by insufficient accumulation of these contrast agents within tumors. Here a biocompatible nanoprobe composed of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) coated iron oxide nanoparticle that is capable of specifically targeting glioma tumors via the surface-bound targeting peptide, chlorotoxin (CTX), is presented. The preferential accumulation of the nanoprobe within gliomas and subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement are demonstrated in vitro in 9L cells and in vivo in tumors of a xenograft mouse model. TEM imaging reveals that the nanoprobes are internalized into the cytoplasm of 9L cells and histological analysis of selected tissues indicates that there are no acute toxic effects of these nanoprobes. High targeting specificity and benign biological response establish this nanoprobe as a potential platform to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas and other tumors of neuroectodermal origin.

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