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Tuning Stamp Surface Energy for Soft Lithography of Polar Molecules to Fabricate Bioactive Small-Molecule Microarrays

  1. Amit Vaish1,9,
  2. Mitchell J. Shuster2,
  3. Sarawut Cheunkar3,9,
  4. Paul S. Weiss2,3,4,5,9,*,
  5. Anne M. Andrews6,7,8,9,*

Article first published online: 2 MAY 2011

DOI: 10.1002/smll.201100094

Issue

Small

Small

Special Issue: Nanotechnology with Soft Matter

Volume 7, Issue 10, pages 1471–1479, May 23, 2011

Additional Information

How to Cite

Vaish, A., Shuster, M. J., Cheunkar, S., Weiss, P. S. and Andrews, A. M. (2011), Tuning Stamp Surface Energy for Soft Lithography of Polar Molecules to Fabricate Bioactive Small-Molecule Microarrays. Small, 7: 1471–1479. doi: 10.1002/smll.201100094

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

  2. 2

    Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

  3. 3

    Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

  4. 4

    Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA

  5. 5

    Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA

  6. 6

    Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

  7. 7

    Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA

  8. 8

    Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA

  9. 9

    California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA

*Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 19 MAY 2011
  2. Article first published online: 2 MAY 2011
  3. Manuscript Received: 15 JAN 2011

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Keywords:

  • chemical patterning;
  • self-assembled monolayers;
  • microcontact printing;
  • contact angles;
  • oxygen plasma

Abstract

Soft-lithography-based techniques are widely used to fabricate microarrays. Here, the use of microcontact insertion printing is described, a soft-lithography method specifically developed for patterning at the dilute scales necessary for highly selective biorecognition. By carefully tuning the polar surface energy of polymeric stamps, problems associated with patterning hydrophilic tether molecules inserted into hydrophilic host self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are surmounted. Both prefunctionalized tethers and on-chip functionalization of SAMs patterned by microcontact insertion printing enable the fabrication of small-molecule microarrays. Substrates patterned with the neurotransmitter precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan selectively capture a number of different types of membrane-associated receptor proteins, which are native binding partners evolved to recognize free serotonin. These advances provide new avenues for chemically patterning small molecules and fabricating small molecule microarrays with highly specific molecular recognition capabilities.

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