Editorial
You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article
The cervix as a biomechanical structure
Article first published online: 24 OCT 2006
DOI: 10.1002/uog.3850
Copyright © 2006 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Additional Information
How to Cite
House, M. and Socrate, S. (2006), The cervix as a biomechanical structure. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 28: 745–749. doi: 10.1002/uog.3850
Publication History
- Issue published online: 24 OCT 2006
- Article first published online: 24 OCT 2006
Funded by
- We thank Helen Feltovich for her editorial assistance.
References
- 1, , , . The role of cervical cerclage in obstetric practice: can the patient who could benefit from this procedure be identified? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006; 194: 1–9.
- 2. Pelvic scoring for elective induction. Obstet Gynecol 1964; 244: 266–268.
- 3. Cervical consistency in women of fertile age measured with a new mechanical instrument. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1974; 53: 293–302.
- 4. Cervical distensibility changes in pregnancy, term and preterm labor. Semin Perinatol 1991; 15: 133–139.
- 5, , , , , . Morphologic and histochemical evidence for the occurrence of collagenolysis and for the role of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes during cervical dilation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1980; 138: 273–281.
- 6, , , , , , , , , . Human cervical ripening, an inflammatory process mediated by cytokines. Mol Hum Reprod 2000; 6: 375–381.
- 7, . Changes in the cervical extracellular matrix during pregnancy and parturition. J Perinat Med 1999; 27: 45–60.
- 8. The distribution and functional activity of the cervical musculature. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1954; 68: 1261–1271.
- 9, , , . In vitro analysis of muscular contractile ability and passive biomechanical properties of uterine cervical samples from nonpregnant women. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 77: 772–776.
- 10. The theory of fibre-reinforced composite materials applied to changes in the mechanical properties of the cervix during pregnancy. J Theor Biol 1988; 130: 213–221.
- 11. Collagen organisation in the cervix and its relation to mechanical function. Coll Relat Res 1988; 8: 103–112.
- 12, , . Biomechanical Modeling of Cervical Tissue: A Quantitative Investigation of Cervical Funneling. In Proceedings of IMECE'03. 2003 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Expostion, Washington DC, 2003.
- 13, , . Is oncofetal fibronectin a trophoblast glue for human implantation? Am J Pathol 1991; 138: 537–543.
- 14, , , , , , , , . Fetal fibronectin in cervical and vaginal secretions as a predictor of preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 669–674.
- 15, , , . The parturition defect in steroid 5-alpha-reductase type 1 knockout mice is due to impaired cervical ripening. Mol Endocrinol 1999; 13: 981–992.
- 16, , , , , . Effects of selective and nonselective PGE2 receptor agonists on cervical tensile strength and collagen organization and microstructure in the pregnant rat at term. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 192: 753–760.
- 17, , , , . Mitogen-activated protein kinases mediate stretch-induced c-fos mRNA expression in myometrial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2002; 283: C1530–C1539.
- 18. Nonlinear solid mechanics: A continuum approach for engineering. John Wiley & Sons: West Sussex, England; 2000.
- 19, , , , . Monitoring the effacement of the uterine cervix by transperineal sonography: a new perspective. J Ultrasound Med 1995; 14: 719–724.
- 20, , , , . The biomechanics of cervical funneling: the effect of stroma properties, anatomic geometry and pelvic forces on funnel formation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 191 (Suppl): S17.
- 21, , . Biomechanics of Cervical Funneling: Case of Cervical Incompetence. In Proceedings of the Summer Bioengineering Conference. ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference, Vail CO, 2005.
- 22, , , , , , , . Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervix during pregnancy: effect of gestational age and prior vaginal birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 193: 1554–1560.
- 23, , , . Management of cervical insufficiency and bulging fetal membranes. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107: 221–226.
- 24, , , , . The biomechanics of cerclage placement: the effect of cerclage position and stress relaxation on cervical stress. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 193 (Suppl): S21.
- 25, , , , . Cerclage for short cervix on ultrasonography: meta-analysis of trials using individual patient-level data. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 106: 181–189.
- 26, , , , . The connection between uterine contractions and cervical dilation: the biomechanics of cervical deformation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 193 (Suppl): S55.
- 27, , , , , . Cervical competence as a continuum: a study of ultrasonographic cervical length and obstetric performance. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 172: 1097–1103.
- 28, , , , , , , , , , . The length of the cervix and the risk of spontaneous premature delivery. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 567–572.
- 29, , . Selected methods for imaging elastic properties of biological tissues. Ann Rev Biomed Eng 2003; 5: 57–78.
- 30, , , , , , . Elastographic imaging. Ultrasound Med Biol 2000; 26 (Suppl 1): S23–S29.
- 31, . Intravascular ultrasound elastography: an overview. Ultrasonics 2002; 40: 859–865.
- 32, , , , , , . Visualisation of HIFU lesions using elastography of the human prostate in vivo: preliminary results. Ultrasound Med Biol 2003; 29: 1007–1015.
- 33, , , , , . A novel ultrasound technique to study the biomechanics of the human esophagus in vivo. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2002; 282: G785–G793.
- 34, , , , . Quantitative ultrasound assessment of the rat cervix. J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25: 1031–1040.
- 35, , , , , . Biochemical and morphological changes of human cervix after local application of prostaglandin E2 in pregnancy. Lancet 1981; 1: 267–268.
- 36, , , . Histological and electron-microscopic examinations of collagenous connective tissue of the non-pregnant cervix, the pregnant cervix, and the pregnant prostaglandin-treated cervix. Arch Gynecol 1982; 231: 241–245.
- 37, , , , , , . Light-induced fluorescence of the human cervix decreases after prostaglandin application for induction of labor at term. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2005; 123: 62–66.
- 38, , , , , . Mechanical properties of the human uterine cervix: an in vivo study. Med Image Anal 2006; 10: 125–136.

1469-0705/asset/olbannerleft.gif?v=1&s=59e39ba3610da7ddc083043265583df1fc636f8e)
1469-0705/asset/olbannerright.gif?v=1&s=325d39d901af70d06023c952adb9197e6d34d8fe)
