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HIV Tat, its TARgets and the control of viral gene expression
Article first published online: 9 JAN 2006
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00067-3
1574-6968/asset/cover.gif?v=1&s=069bb2c224e243333d4486580fbd90d9ebeffa6b "FEMS Microbiology Letters")
Additional Information
How to Cite
Brigati, C., Giacca, M., Noonan, D. M. and Albini, A. (2003), HIV Tat, its TARgets and the control of viral gene expression. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 220: 57–65. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00067-3
Publication History
- Issue published online: 9 JAN 2006
- Article first published online: 9 JAN 2006
- Received 10 January 2003, Accepted 13 January 2003
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
Keywords:
- Human immunodeficiency virus;
- Transactivator of transcription;
- Transactivation;
- Lambda phage;
- Pathogenesis
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) (transactivator of transcription (Tat)) protein is a pleiotropic factor that induces a broad range of biological effects in numerous cell types. At the HIV promoter, Tat is a powerful transactivator of gene expression, which acts by both inducing chromatin remodeling and by recruiting elongation-competent transcriptional complexes onto the viral LTR. Besides these transcriptional activities, Tat is released outside the cells and interacts with different cell membrane-associated receptors. Finally, extracellular Tat can be internalized by cells through an active endocytosis process. Here we discuss some of the molecular mechanisms involved in intracellular and extracellular Tat function.