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Climate
Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences
Article first published online: 24 JUN 2008
DOI: 10.1029/2008GL033872
Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.
Additional Information
How to Cite
, , , , , and (2008), Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L12707, doi:10.1029/2008GL033872.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 24 JUN 2008
- Article first published online: 24 JUN 2008
- Manuscript Accepted: 1 MAY 2008
- Manuscript Revised: 16 APR 2008
- Manuscript Received: 5 MAR 2008
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
Keywords:
- tropical warming;
- highest SST;
- moist convection
[1] A primary concern of CO2-induced warming is the associated rise of tropical (10S-10N) sea-surface temperatures (SSTs). GISS Model-E was used to produce two sets of simulations-one with the present-day and one with doubled CO2 in the atmosphere. The intrinsic usefulness of model guidance in the tropics was confirmed when the model simulated realistic convective coupling between SSTs and atmospheric soundings and that the simulated-data correlations between SSTs and 300 hPa moist-static energies were similar to the observed. Model predicted SST limits for (i) the onset of deep convection and (ii) maximum SST, increased in the doubled CO2 environment. Changes in cloud heights, cloud frequencies, and cloud mass-fractions showed that convective-cloud changes increased the SSTs, while warmer mixed-layer of the doubled CO2 contained ∼10% more water vapor; clearly that would be conducive to more intense storms and hurricanes.