Atmospheric Science

Co-location of lightning leader x-ray and electric field change sources

  1. J. Howard1,
  2. M. A. Uman1,
  3. J. R. Dwyer2,
  4. D. Hill1,
  5. C. Biagi1,
  6. Z. Saleh2,
  7. J. Jerauld1,3,
  8. H. K. Rassoul2

Article first published online: 11 JUL 2008

DOI: 10.1029/2008GL034134

Issue

Geophysical Research Letters

Geophysical Research Letters

Additional Information

How to Cite

Howard, J., M. A. Uman, J. R. Dwyer, D. Hill, C. Biagi, Z. Saleh, J. Jerauld, and H. K. Rassoul (2008), Co-location of lightning leader x-ray and electric field change sources, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L13817, doi:10.1029/2008GL034134.

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

  2. 2

    Department of Physics and Space Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA

  3. 3

    Now at Raytheon Missile Systems, Tucson, Arizona, USA.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 11 JUL 2008
  2. Article first published online: 11 JUL 2008
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 12 JUN 2008
  4. Manuscript Revised: 2 JUN 2008
  5. Manuscript Received: 27 MAR 2008

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Keywords:

  • lightning;
  • X rays;
  • time-of-arrival (TOA)

[1] Using an eight-station time of arrival (TOA) network composed of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors and wideband electric field derivative (dE/dt) antennas covering approximately 1 km2 on the ground, we have located both the sources of X-ray emissions and electric field changes produced during the leader phase of both downward negative natural and rocket-triggered lightning strokes. We show that the sources of X rays and leader step electric field changes are co-located in space within 50 m and that the located X rays are emitted 0.1 to 1.3 μs after the origin of the leader step electric field changes.

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