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Climate
ENSO prediction one year in advance using western North Pacific sea surface temperatures
Article first published online: 8 MAR 2012
DOI: 10.1029/2012GL050909
Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union
Additional Information
How to Cite
, , and (2012), ENSO prediction one year in advance using western North Pacific sea surface temperatures, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L05702, doi:10.1029/2012GL050909.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 8 MAR 2012
- Article first published online: 8 MAR 2012
- Manuscript Accepted: 12 FEB 2012
- Manuscript Revised: 10 FEB 2012
- Manuscript Received: 10 JAN 2012
Keywords:
- ENSO;
- SST;
- interannual;
- prediction
[1] We present evidence that the de-trended, boreal winter sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the western North Pacific (WNP) are a skillful predictor for the development of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) by the following winter. The WNP shares some similarities with the Meridional Mode (MM) located in the subtropical central and eastern North Pacific: both are linked to off-equatorial SSTA and low-level wind anomalies, and both appear to be strongly related to wintertime variability in the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO). However, in contrast with the MM, the WNP is associated with an opposite-signed SSTA dipole located off southeastern Asia and in the western tropical Pacific, which is accompanied by equatorial winds that may influence the level of oceanic Kelvin wave activity that precedes ENSO events.