Phylogeny and taxonomy of thegenera of south-western North American Euctenizinae trapdoor spidersand their relatives (Araneae: Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae)

  1. JasonE. Bond1,*,
  2. Brent D. Opell2

Article first published online: 24 OCT 2002

DOI: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00035.x

Issue

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

Volume 136, Issue 3, pages 487–534, November 2002

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How to Cite

Bond, J. and Opell, B. D. (2002), Phylogeny and taxonomy of thegenera of south-western North American Euctenizinae trapdoor spidersand their relatives (Araneae: Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 136: 487–534. doi: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00035.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    East CarolinaUniversity, Department of Biology, Howell Science Complex – N411,Greenville, NC 27858, USA

  2. 2

    Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,Department of Biology, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA

*Corresponding author. JasonE. Bond. E-mail: bondja@mail.ecu.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 24 OCT 2002
  2. Article first published online: 24 OCT 2002
  3. Received November 2001;accepted for publicationMay 2002

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Keywords:

  • Araneae;
  • cladistics;
  • Euctenizinae;
  • homoplasy;
  • Rastelloidina;
  • rastelloid ­phylogeny;
  • spider taxonomy;
  • trapdoorspiders

The primary focus of this paper is to evaluate the monophylyand intergeneric relationships of the cyrtaucheniid subfamily Euctenizinaeand to a lesser degree the monophyly of Cyrtaucheniidae. Using 71morphological characters scored for 29 mygalomorph taxa our cladisticanalysis shows that Cyrtaucheniidae is likely paraphyletic withrespect to the Domiothelina, the clade that comprises the Migidae,Actinopodidae, Ctenizidae, and Idiopidae. Together, the Domiothelinaand Cyrtaucheniidae have been treated as the Rastelloidina clade.A strict interpretation of rastelloid classification based on ourcladogram would require the establishment of four additional spiderfamilies. However, we choose to use informal names for these cladesso that these taxa can be validated by subsequent studies of mygalomorphphylogeny before formal names are introduced. The phylogenetic analysisalso serves as a vehicle for examining the patterns of homoplasyobserved in mygalomorphs. The secondary focus of this paper is ataxonomic revision of Euctenizinae genera from the south-westernUnited States that includes a key to its genera. The cyrtaucheniid genera Enrico and Astrosoga areconsidered junior synonyms of Eucteniza. Actinoxia and Nemesoides arejunior ­synonyms of Aptostichus. At present theNorth American Euctenizinae comprises these seven nominal genera: Eucteniza,Neoapachella gen.nov. (Neoapachella rothi sp. nov.), Myrmekiaphila,Entychides, Promyrmekiaphila,Apomastus gen. nov. (Apomastusschlingeri sp. nov.), and Aptostichus. © 2002The Linnean Society of London. Zoological Journal of the LinneanSociety, 2002, 136, 487−534

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