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SUMMARY

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; order Tylenchida; Tylenchoidea; Heteroderidae; genus Meloidogyne.

 Physical properties: Microscopic-non-segmented worms. Meloidogyne species can reproduce by apomixis, facultative meiotic parthenogenesis or obligate mitotic parthenogenesis. Obligate biotrophic parasites inducing the re-differentiation of plant cells into specialized feeding cells.

 Hosts: Meloidogyne spp. can infest more than 3000 plant species including vegetables, fruit trees, cereals and ornamental flowers.

 Symptoms: Root swellings called galls. Alteration of the root vascular system.

 Disease control: Cultural control, chemical control, resistant cultivars.

 Agronomic importance: Major threat to agriculture in temperate and tropical regions.