N.E.S. and A.U.B. contributed equally to this work.
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Molecular cloning and expression regulation of PRG-3, a new member of the plasticity-related gene family
Article first published online: 16 DEC 2003
DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.03078.x
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How to Cite
Savaskan, N. E., Bräuer, A. U. and Nitsch, R. (2004), Molecular cloning and expression regulation of PRG-3, a new member of the plasticity-related gene family. European Journal of Neuroscience, 19: 212–220. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.03078.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 16 DEC 2003
- Article first published online: 16 DEC 2003
- Received 14 July 2003, revised 25 September 2003, accepted 15 October 2003
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Keywords:
- axon growth;
- filopodia retraction;
- lipid phosphate phosphatase;
- LPA-1/2/3/EDG receptors;
- phospholipid signalling;
- regeneration
Abstract
Phospholipid-mediated signalling on neurons provokes diverse responses such as neurogenesis, pattern formation and neurite remodelling. We have recently uncovered a novel set of molecules in the mammalian brain, named plasticity-related genes (PRGs), which mediate lipid phosphate phosphatase activity and provide evidence for their involvement in mechanisms of neuronal plasticity. Here, we report on a new member of the vertebrate-specific PRG family, which we have named plasticity-related gene-3 (PRG-3). PRG-3 is heavily expressed in the brain and shows a specific expression pattern during brain development where PRG-3 expression is found predominantly in neuronal cell layers and is already expressed at embryonic day 16. In the mature brain, strongest PRG-3 expression occurs in the hippocampus and cerebellum. Overexcitation of neurons induced by kainic acid leads to a transient down-regulation of PRG-3. Furthermore, PRG-3 is expressed on neurite extensions and promotes neurite growth and a spreading-like cell body in neuronal cells and COS-7 cells. In contrast to previously described members of the PRG family, PRG-3 does not perform its function through enzymatic phospholipid degradation. In summary, our findings feature a new member of the PRG family which shows dynamic expression regulation during brain development and neuronal excitation.